1. Iziseko ze-AGV: Intshayelelo yeZithuthi eziKhokelwayo

1.1 Intshayelelo

I-automated guided vehicle (AGV) yirobhothi ehambayo ekwaziyo ukulandela indlela ecwangcisiweyo okanye isethi yemiyalelo, kunye ne-24V ibhetri ye-lithium yichungechunge lwebhetri ethandwayo esetyenziswa kwi-AGV.Ezi robhothi ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwimveliso kunye nezicelo zolungiselelo, apho zinokusetyenziselwa ukuthutha imathiriyeli, amacandelo, kunye nempahla egqityiweyo kwindawo yonke okanye phakathi kweendawo ezahlukeneyo.

Ii-AGVs zidla ngokuxhotyiswa ngeenzwa kunye nezinye izixhobo zokuhamba, ezivumela ukuba zibhaqe kwaye ziphendule kutshintsho kwindawo yazo.Ngokomzekelo, banokusebenzisa iikhamera, i-laser scanners, okanye ezinye izixhobo zoluvo ukuze babone imiqobo endleleni yabo, baze bahlengahlengise indlela yabo okanye isantya sazo ngokufanelekileyo.

Ii-AGVs zinokuza kwiimilo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu, kuxhomekeke kwisicelo kunye neemfuno ezithile.Ezinye ii-AGVs ziyilelwe ukuba zihambe kwiindlela ezingaguqukiyo okanye iingoma, ngelixa ezinye zibhetyebhetye kwaye zinokujikeleza imiqobo okanye zilandele iindlela ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko.

Ii-AGVs zinokucwangciswa ukwenza uluhlu olubanzi lwemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zesicelo.Umzekelo, zingasetyenziselwa ukuthutha imathiriyeli ekrwada ukusuka kwindawo yokugcina impahla ukuya kumgca wemveliso, okanye ukuhambisa iimveliso ezigqityiweyo ukusuka kwindawo yokuvelisa ukuya kwiziko lokuhambisa.

Ii-AGVs zinokusetyenziswa kwezinye izicelo, njengasezibhedlele okanye kwezinye iindawo zokhathalelo lwempilo.Umzekelo, zingasetyenziselwa ukuthutha izixhobo zonyango, izixhobo, okanye inkunkuma kulo lonke iziko, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokungenelela kwabantu.Zingaphinda zisetyenziswe kwiindawo zokuthengisa, apho zingasetyenziselwa ukuhambisa iimpahla ukusuka kwindawo yokugcina impahla ukuya kwivenkile yokuthengisa okanye enye indawo.

Ii-AGVs zinokubonelela ngenani leenzuzo ngaphezu kweendlela zemveli zokuphatha imathiriyeli.Ngokomzekelo, banokunciphisa imfuneko yokusebenza kwabantu, nto leyo enokunceda ukunciphisa iindleko nokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle.Banokunceda ukunciphisa ingozi yokwenzakala okanye iingozi, njengoko banokusebenza kwiindawo apho kungenakukhuseleka ukuba abantu benze njalo.

Ii-AGVs nazo zinokubonelela ngokuguquguquka okukhulu kunye nokulinganisa, njengoko zinokuphinda zihlelwe okanye ziphinde ziqwalaselwe ukwenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo njengoko kufuneka.Oku kunokubaluleka ngokukodwa kwindawo yokuvelisa okanye yolungiselelo, apho utshintsho kwimfuno okanye kwiimfuno zemveliso kunokufuna iindidi ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zokuphatha imathiriyeli.

Ngokubanzi, ii-AGV zisisixhobo esinamandla sokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nemveliso kuluhlu olubanzi lwamashishini ahlukeneyo kunye nokusetyenziswa.Njengoko itekhnoloji iqhubela phambili, kusenokwenzeka ukuba siza kubona ii-AGV eziqhubela phambili nezinamandla kwixesha elizayo, siphucula ngakumbi amandla kunye neenzuzo zaba matshini basebenza ngeendlela ezininzi.

1.2 Ibhetri ye-LIAO: Oyena Mvelisi webhetri oKhokelayo we-AGV

LIAO Ibhetringumenzi webhetri okhokelayo e-China obonelela ngezisombululo zebhetri ezithembekileyo nezinobuchule kumashishini ahlukeneyo afana ne-AGV, irobhothi, kunye namandla elanga.Inkampani igxile ekuboneleleni ngebhetri ye-LiFePO4 ukuba ithathe indawo yeebhetri ze-lead-acid kwizicelo ezininzi.Phakathi kweemveliso zabo ezidumileyo ze-lithium ibhetri ye-24V, esetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-AGV.Ngokuzibophelela kwabo kumgangatho kunye nokwaneliseka kwabathengi, iManly Battery liqabane elithembekileyo kumashishini afuna izisombululo zebhetri ezithembekileyo.

2. Uhlalutyo lweempawu zobugcisa ze-24v lithium ibhetri kwi-AGV

2.1 Ukutshaja kunye nokukhupha iimpawu zangoku ze-24v ibhetri ye-lithium

Ukutshaja kunye nokukhutshwa kwangoku kweebhetri ze-lithium ze-AGV zisisiseko, ezihluke kwizithuthi zombane ezinokuthi zithole imisinga ephezulu egciniweyo yomzuzwana kwiimeko zangempela zokusebenza.I-AGV ibhetri ye-lithium ngokuqhelekileyo ihlawuliswa ngokuqhubekayo ngoku kwi-1C ukuya kwi-2C de kube i-voltage yokukhusela ifikeleleke kwaye ukutshaja kuphelile.Ukukhutshwa kwangoku kwebhetri ye-lithium ye-AGV ihlukaniswe ibe yimizila elayishiweyo kwaye ilayishiwe, kunye neyona nto iphezulu elayishwe ngoku ngokuqhelekileyo ayidluli i-1C yokukhutshwa.Kwiimeko ezimiselweyo, ukutshaja okusebenzayo kunye nokukhupha i-AGV ngokusisiseko kuqiniswe ngaphandle kokuba umthamo wayo womthwalo uguquka.Le ndlela yokutshaja kunye nokukhupha iluncedo ngokweneneIbhetri ye-24v lithium,ngakumbi ukusetyenziswa kweebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate, ngakumbi malunga nokubala kwe-SOC.

2.2 Ukutshaja kunye nokukhupha ubunzulu beempawu ze-24v lithium ibhetri

Kwintsimi ye-AGV, ukutshaja kunye nokukhupha ibhetri ye-24v ye-lithium ngokuqhelekileyo ikwimo "yentlawulo enganzulwanga kunye nokukhutshwa okungenzulu".Ekubeni isithuthi se-AGV sisebenza rhoqo kwaye sidinga ukubuyela kwindawo echanekileyo yokuhlawula, akunakwenzeka ukukhupha wonke umbane ngexesha lokukhutshwa, ngaphandle koko, isithuthi asikwazi ukubuyela kwindawo yokuhlawula.Ngokwesiqhelo, malunga ne-30% yombane ubekelwe ukuthintela iimfuno zombane ezilandelayo.Kwangaxeshanye, ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokusebenza rhoqo, iimoto ze-AGV zihlala zisebenzisa ukutshaja okukhawulezileyo, ngelixa iibhetri ze-lithium zemveli zifuna ukutshaja "ngoku rhoqo + kwangoku + rhoqo kombane".Kwiibhetri ze-lithium ze-AGV, ukutshaja rhoqo kwangoku kuqhutyelwa kude kube yi-voltage yokukhusela umda ophezulu, kwaye isithuthi sinquma ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba ibhetri ihlawuliswe ngokupheleleyo.Enyanisweni, nangona kunjalo, iingxaki "ze-polarization" zingakhokelela ekubonakaleni "kwe-voltage yamanga", oku kuthetha ukuba ibhetri ayifikanga kwi-100% yomthamo wayo wokutshaja.

3. Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-AGV ngeBatri yeLithium eyi-24V endaweni yeebhetri zeLead Acid.

Xa kuziwa ekukhetheni ibhetri yezicelo ze-AGV, kukho izinto ezininzi ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe.Esinye sezona zigqibo zibalulekileyo kukusebenzisa ibhetri ye-24V ye-lithium okanye i-24V ibhetri ye-asidi ehamba phambili.Zombini iintlobo zineenzuzo kunye nokungona kwazo, kwaye ukhetho luya kuxhomekeka kwiimfuno ezithile zesicelo.

Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwiibhetri ze-24V ze-lithium, ezifana ne-24V 50Ah lifepo4 ibhetri, bubomi babo obude.Iibhetri ze-lithium zinokutshajwa kwaye zitshajwe amaxesha amaninzi kuneebhetri ze-asidi ekhokelayo, nto leyo ezenza zibe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kwizicelo ze-AGV apho ibhetri inokuthi isetyenziswe kakhulu ixesha elide.

Enye inzuzo yeebhetri ze-lithium bubunzima babo obulula.Ii-AGVs zifuna ibhetri enokunika amandla awoneleyo okuhambisa isithuthi kunye nawo nawuphi na umthwalo esiwuthweleyo, kodwa ibhetri kufuneka kwakhona ibe khaphukhaphu ukuphepha ukuphazamisa ukuhamba kwesithuthi.Iibhetri ze-lithium zihlala zikhaphukhaphu kakhulu kuneebhetri zeasidi ekhokelayo, nto leyo ezenza zibe lolona khetho lubalaseleyo kwii-AGVs.

Ukongeza kubunzima, ixesha lokutshaja yenye into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka iqwalaselwe.Iibhetri ze-lithium zinokuhlawuliswa ngokukhawuleza kuneebhetri ze-asidi ezikhokelayo, oku kuthetha ukuba ii-AGV zinokuchitha ixesha elininzi ekusebenziseni kunye nexesha elincinci lokutshaja.Oku kunokuphucula imveliso kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokuphumla.

Ijika lokukhupha enye into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyiqwalasele xa ukhetha ibhetri yezicelo ze-AGV.Ijika lokukhupha libhekisa kumbane webhetri kumjikelo wokukhupha.Iibhetri zeLithium zinegophe lokukhupha elithambileyo kuneebhetri zeasidi ekhokelayo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba amandla ombane ahlala engaguquguquki kuwo wonke umjikelo wokukhupha.Oku kunokubonelela ngokusebenza okuhambelanayo kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko womonakalo kwi-electronics ye-AGV.

Okokugqibela, ukugcinwa kolunye uqwalaselo olubalulekileyo.Iibhetri ze-asidi ezikhokelayo zifuna ukugcinwa okungakumbi kuneebhetri ze-lithium, ezinokunyusa iindleko zobunini kubomi bebhetri.Iibhetri zeLithium, kwelinye icala, azinasondlo, ezinokugcina ixesha kunye nemali.

Ngokubanzi, zininzi izibonelelo zokusebenzisa ibhetri ye-lithium ye-24V, njenge24V 60Ah lifepo4 ibhetri, kwizicelo ze-AGV.Zinobomi obude, zikhaphukhaphu, zihlawulisa ngokukhawuleza, zinegophe elithambileyo lokukhupha, kwaye zifuna ukugcinwa okuncinci.Ezi zibonelelo zinokukhokelela ekusebenzeni okuphuculweyo, imveliso, kunye nokongiwa kweendleko kubomi bebhetri, nto leyo ezenza zibe lolona khetho lubalaseleyo kwizicelo ze-AGV.

"Intlawulo enzulu kunye nokukhutshwa okunzulu" imowudi yokutshaja kunye nokukhupha kunenzuzo ekwandiseni ubomi benkonzo yeebhetri ze-lithium-ion.Nangona kunjalo, kwinkqubo yebhetri ye-lithium ye-iron phosphate, kukwakho ingxaki yokulinganisa i-algorithm ye-SOC embi.

2.3 Ubomi benkonzo ye-24v ibhetri ye-lithium

Iibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate zinobomi obude benkonzo, kunye nenani lentlawulo epheleleyo kunye nemijikelo yokukhupha iiseli zebhetri ngaphezulu kwamaxesha angama-2000.Nangona kunjalo, inani lemijikelo kwipakethi yebhetri liyancitshiswa ngokusekwe kwimiba efana nokungaguquguquki kweeseli zebhetri kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu obukhoyo ngoku, ezinxulumene ngokusondeleyo nombane kunye noyilo lwesakhiwo, kunye nenkqubo yebhetri yepakethe.Kwiibhetri ze-lithium ze-AGV, ubomi bomjikelezo phantsi kwemowudi "yentlawulo enzulu kunye ne-shallow discharge" iphezulu kakhulu kunokuba iphantsi kwentlawulo epheleleyo kunye nemodi yokukhupha.Ngokubanzi, ubunzulu bokutshaja kunye nokukhupha ubunzulu, kokukhona inani lemijikelo, kwaye ubomi bomjikelo bukwanxulumene ngokusondeleyo nekhefu lomjikelo we-SOC.Idatha ibonisa ukuba ukuba ibhetri ipakethi inentlawulo epheleleyo kunye nomjikelo wokukhupha amaxesha angama-1000, inani lemijikelo kwi-0-30% ye-SOC interval (30% DOD) inokugqithisa amaxesha angama-4000, kunye nenani lemijikelo kwi-70% ukuya. I-100% yexesha le-SOC (30% DOD) inokudlula amaxesha angama-3200.Ingabonwa ukuba ubomi bomjikelezo bunxulumene ngokusondeleyo ne-SOC interval kunye nokukhupha ubunzulu be-DOD, kwaye ubomi bomjikelezo weebhetri ze-lithium-ion bukwanxulumene ngokusondeleyo nobushushu, ukutshaja kunye nokukhupha okwangoku, kunye nezinye izinto, ezingenakulinganiswa ngokubanzi.

Ukuqukumbela, iibhetri ze-lithium ze-AGV ziyinxalenye ephambili yeerobhothi ezihambayo, kwaye kufuneka sizihlalutye kwaye siziqonde ngokunzulu, ngakumbi zidityaniswe neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa kweerobhothi ezahlukeneyo, ukumisela iimpawu zabo zokusebenza kunye nokuqinisa ukuqonda kwethu i-lithium. ukusetyenziswa kwebhetri, ukuze iibhetri ze-lithium zisebenze ngcono iirobhothi ezihambayo.