Ngenxa yenkqubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe yakutshanje, iinjineli kwafuneka zifumane indlela efanelekileyo yokunika amandla izinto ezintsha ezizenzileyo. Iirobhothi ezizenzekelayo, iibhayisekile ze-elektroniki, ii-scooter, abacoci, kunye nezixhobo ze-smartscooter zonke zifuna umthombo wamandla osebenzayo. Emva kweminyaka yophando kunye novavanyo kunye neempazamo, iinjineli zagqiba kwelokuba uhlobo olunye lwenkqubo yebhetri luhlukile kwezinye: inkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri ekrelekrele (i-BMS). Ibhetri ye-BMS eqhelekileyo ine-lithium anode kwaye inenqanaba lobukrelekrele elifana nekhompyutha okanye irobhothi. Inkqubo ye-BMS iphendula imibuzo efana nale, “Irobhothi ekrelekrele ingazi njani ukuba lixesha lokuzitshaja?” Into eyahlula imodyuli ye-BMS ekrelekrele kwibhetri esemgangathweni kukuba inokuvavanya inqanaba layo lamandla kwaye inxibelelane nezinye izixhobo ezikrelekrele.

Yintoni i-Smart BMS?

Ngaphambi kokuba uchaze i-BMS ekrelekrele, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba yintoni i-BMS esemgangathweni. Ngamafutshane, inkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri ye-lithium eqhelekileyo inceda ukukhusela nokulawula ibhetri etshajwayo. Omnye umsebenzi we-BMS kukubala idatha yesibini uze uyixele emva koko. Ngoko ke, i-BMS ekrelekrele yahluke njani kwinkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri esebenza ngokusebenza? Inkqubo ekrelekrele inamandla okunxibelelana netshaja ekrelekrele ize izitshaje kwakhona ngokuzenzekelayo. Izinto ezisebenza emva kwe-BMS zinceda ukwandisa ubomi bebhetri kwaye ziphucule ukusebenza kwayo. Njengesixhobo esiqhelekileyo, i-BMS ekrelekrele ixhomekeke kakhulu kwinkqubo ekrelekrele ngokwayo ukuze iqhubeke isebenza. Ukuze kufezekiswe ukusebenza okuphezulu, onke amalungu kufuneka asebenzisane ngokuvumelana.

Iinkqubo zokulawula iibhetri ekuqaleni (kwaye zisasetyenziswa) kwiilaptop, kwiikhamera zevidiyo, kwizixhobo zokudlala iiDVD eziphathwayo, nakwiimveliso zasekhaya ezifanayo. Emva kokusetyenziswa okukhulayo kwezi nkqubo, iinjineli zazifuna ukuvavanya imida yazo. Ngoko ke, zaqala ukubeka iinkqubo zebhetri zombane zeBMS kwiimoto zombane, kwizixhobo zombane, nakwiirobhothi.

Izikhonkwane zeHardware kunye noNxibelelwano

Amandla aqhuba i-BMS yihardware ephuculweyo. Le hardware ivumela ibhetri ukuba inxibelelane nezinye iindawo ze-BMS, ezifana netshaja. Ngaphezu koko, umenzi wongeza enye yezi sockets zonxibelelwano zilandelayo: RS232, UART, RS485, CANBus, okanye SMBus.

Nantsi indlela yokujonga xa nganye yezi sockets zonxibelelwano iqala ukusebenza:

• Ibhetri yeLithiumnge-RS232, i-BMS idla ngokusetyenziswa kwi-UPS kwizikhululo ze-telecom.
• Ibhetri yeLithium eneRS485 BMS idla ngokusetyenziswa kwizikhululo zamandla elanga.
• Ibhetri yeLithium eneCANBus BMS idla ngokusetyenziswa kwiiscooter zombane, nakwiibhayisekile zombane.
• Ibhetri ye-Ltihium ene-UART BMS isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiibhayisekile zombane, kwaye

Jonga ngokunzulu ibhetri yebhayisekile yombane yeLithium ene-UART BMS

I-UART BMS eqhelekileyo ineenkqubo ezimbini zonxibelelwano:

• Inguqulelo: RX, TX, GND
• Inguqulelo yesi-2: Vcc, RX, TX, GND

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwezi nkqubo zimbini kunye nezinto zazo?

Ulawulo lwe-BMS kunye neenkqubo zifezekisa ukudluliselwa kwedatha nge-TX kunye ne-RX. I-TX ithumela idatha, ngelixa i-RX ifumana idatha. Kubalulekile nokuba i-lithium ion i-BMS ibe ne-GND (ephantsi). Umahluko phakathi kwe-GND kwinguqulelo yokuqala neyesibini kukuba kwinguqulelo yesibini, i-GND iyahlaziywa. Inguqulelo yesibini yeyona ndlela ilungileyo ukuba uceba ukongeza i-optical okanye i-digital isolator. Ukongeza nayiphi na kwezi zimbini, uya kuba yi-Vcc, eyinxalenye nje yenkqubo yonxibelelwano yenguqulelo yesibini ye-UART BMS.

Ukuze sikuncede ubone ngeliso lengqondo izinto ezibonakalayo ze-UART BMS ezine-VCC, RX, TX, GND, sifake umfanekiso wemizobo apha ngezantsi.

Okwenza le nkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri ye-li ion ingabi nkulu kwezinye kukuba ungayijonga ngexesha langempela. Ngokukodwa, ungafumana imeko yokutshaja (i-SOC) kunye nemeko yempilo (i-SOH). Nangona kunjalo, awuyi kubona le datha ngokujonga nje ibhetri. Ukuze utsale idatha, kufuneka uyiqhagamshele kwikhompyutha okanye kwisilawuli esikhethekileyo.

Nantsi umzekelo webhetri yeHailong ene-UART BMS. Njengoko ubona, inkqubo yonxibelelwano igqunywe ngumkhuseli webhetri wangaphandle ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo. Ngoncedo lwesoftware yokujonga ibhetri, ukuphonononga imilinganiselo yebhetri ngexesha langempela kulula kakhulu. Ungasebenzisa ucingo lwe-USB2UART ukuqhagamshela ibhetri kwikhompyutha yakho. Nje ukuba iqhagamshelwe, vula isoftware yokujonga i-BMS kwikhompyutha yakho ukuze ubone iinkcukacha. Apha uza kubona ulwazi olubalulekileyo olufana nomthamo webhetri, ubushushu, i-voltage yeseli, nokunye.

Khetha i-BMS ehlakaniphileyo kwisixhobo sakho

Nika inani leibhetrikunye nabavelisi be-BMS, kubalulekile ukufumana abo banikezela ngeebhetri ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezinezixhobo zokubeka esweni. Nokuba yintoni na iprojekthi yakho eyifunayo, siyavuya ukuxoxa ngeenkonzo zethu kunye neebhetri esinazo. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga neenkqubo zolawulo lweebhetri ezikrelekrele, ungathandabuzi ukuqhagamshelana nathi. Siza kukunika kuphela inkqubo ye-BMS ekrelekrele kwaye sikulungele ukukunceda ufumane efanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho.