Xa uhlala kwindawo enemozulu embi kakhulu okanye umbane ucima rhoqo, licebo elihle ukuba nomthombo wamandla ongezelelweyo ekhayeni lakho. Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zeenkqubo zamandla ongezelelweyo ezithengiswayo, kodwa nganye isebenza injongo enye ephambili: ukugcina izibane zakho kunye nezixhobo zakho zivuliwe xa umbane ucimile.

Isenokuba ngunyaka olungileyo ukujonga amandla ombane angasemva: Uninzi lweMntla Melika lusemngciphekweni ophezulu wokucima kombane kule hlobo ngenxa yembalela eqhubekayo kwaye kulindeleke ukuba amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunomndilili, utshilo iNorth American Electric Reliability Corporation ngoLwesithathu. Iindawo zase-United States, ukusuka eMichigan ukuya kwiGulf Coast, zisemngciphekweni omkhulu wokwenza ukucima kombane kube nokwenzeka ngakumbi.

Ngaphambili, iijenereyitha ezisebenza ngepetroli (ezaziwa ngokuba ziijenereyitha zendlu yonke) bezilawula imarike yokubonelela ngombane, kodwa iingxelo zomngcipheko wetyhefu ye-carbon monoxide zikhokelele abaninzi ekufuneni ezinye iindlela. Iibhenereyitha ezihlala ixesha elide ziye zavela njengokhetho olunobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kwaye olunokuba lukhuselekileyo kuneejenereyitha eziqhelekileyo.

Nangona zisebenza ngendlela efanayo, ii-backup zebhetri kunye neejenereyitha zizixhobo ezahlukeneyo. Nganye iseti ekhethekileyo yeenzuzo kunye neengxaki, esiza kuyigubungela kwisikhokelo sokuthelekisa esilandelayo. Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufumane umahluko ophambili phakathi kwee-backup zebhetri kunye neejenereyitha kwaye ukhethe ukuba loluphi ukhetho olulungele wena.

Iikopi zebhetri
Iinkqubo zokugcina iibhetri zasekhaya, ezifana neTesla Powerwall okanye i-LG Chem RESU, zigcina amandla, onokuwasebenzisa ukuze unike amandla indlu yakho ngexesha lokucima. Iibhetri zokugcina zisebenza ngombane, nokuba uvela kwinkqubo yakho yelanga yasekhaya okanye kwigridi yombane. Ngenxa yoko, zingcono kakhulu kwindalo esingqongileyo kuneejenereyitha ezisebenzisa ipetroli. Zikwangcono nakwisipaji sakho.

Ngokwahlukileyo, ukuba unesicwangciso sexesha lokusebenzisa, ungadinga inkqubo yokugcina ibhetri ukuze wonge imali kwiindleko zakho zamandla. Endaweni yokuhlawula amaxabiso aphezulu ombane ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kakhulu, ungasebenzisa amandla avela kwinkxaso yakho yebhetri ukuze unike amandla ikhaya lakho. Kwiiyure ezingengomsebenzi kakhulu, ungasebenzisa umbane wakho njengesiqhelo - kodwa ngexabiso eliphantsi.

Kwelinye icala, iijenereyitha ezihlala zisebenza ziqhagamshela kwiphaneli yombane yekhaya lakho kwaye zivuleka ngokuzenzekelayo xa umbane ucimile. Iijenereyitha zisebenzisa ipetroli ukuze zigcine umbane wakho uvuliwe ngexesha lokucima — ngesiqhelo igesi yendalo, ipropane engamanzi okanye idizili. Iijenereyitha ezongezelelweyo zinophawu "lwamafutha amabini", oko kuthetha ukuba zinokusebenza kwigesi yendalo okanye kwipropane engamanzi.

Iijenereyitha ezithile zegesi yendalo kunye nepropane zinokuqhagamshela kumgca wegesi wekhaya lakho okanye kwitanki yepropane, ngoko ke akukho mfuneko yokuzizalisa ngesandla. Nangona kunjalo, iijenereyitha zedizili kuya kufuneka zifakwe i-add-on ukuze ziqhubeke nokusebenza.

I-backup yebhetri xa ithelekiswa ne-generator: Zithelekiswa njani?
Amaxabiso
Ngokuphathelele iindleko,iikopi zebhetrizezona ndlela zibiza kakhulu kwangaphambili. Kodwa iijenereyitha zifuna ipetroli ukuze zisebenze, oko kuthetha ukuba uza kuchitha ixesha elininzi ukugcina umbane uzinzile.

Ngeebhetri ezigciniweyo, kuya kufuneka uhlawulele inkqubo yebhetri egciniweyo kwangaphambili, kunye neendleko zokufakela (nganye kuzo zimawaka). Amaxabiso achanekileyo aya kwahluka ngokusekwe kwimodeli yebhetri oyikhethileyo kunye nenani lazo ozidingayo ukuze unike amandla ikhaya lakho. Nangona kunjalo, kuqhelekile ukuba inkqubo yokugcinwa kwebhetri yasekhaya ephakathi isebenzise phakathi kwe-$10,000 kunye ne-$20,000.

Kwiijenereyitha, iindleko zokuqala ziphantsi kancinci. Ngokomndilili, ixabiso lokuthenga nokufaka ijenereyitha emiselweyo lingasukela kwi-$7,000 ukuya kwi-$15,000. Nangona kunjalo, khumbula ukuba iijenereyitha zifuna ipetroli ukuze zisebenze, nto leyo eya kunyusa iindleko zakho zokusebenza. Iindleko ezithile ziya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezimbalwa, kubandakanya ubungakanani bejenereyitha yakho, uhlobo lwepetroli oluyisebenzisayo kunye nobungakanani bepetroli esetyenziswa ukuyisebenzisa.

Ufakelo
Iibhetri ezigciniweyo zifumana inzuzo encinci kolu didi kuba zinokufakelwa eludongeni okanye kumgangatho, ngelixa ukufakelwa kwejenereyitha kufuna umsebenzi owongezelelweyo. Nokuba kunjalo, kuya kufuneka uqeshe ingcali kuyo nayiphi na uhlobo lokufakela, zombini eziya kufuna usuku lonke lomsebenzi kwaye zinokubiza amawaka eedola.

Ngaphandle kokuseta isixhobo ngokwaso, ukufaka ijenereyitha kufuna ukugalelwa i-slab yesamente, ukudibanisa ijenereyitha kumthombo wepetroli okhethekileyo kunye nokufaka iswitshi yokudlulisa.

Ulondolozo
Iibhetri ezigciniweyo zezona ziphumeleleyo kolu luhlu. Zithule, zisebenza ngokwazo, azivelisi ngxolo kwaye azifuni kulungiswa rhoqo.

Kwelinye icala, iijenereyitha zinokuba nomsindo kakhulu kwaye ziphazamise xa zisetyenziswa. Zikwakhupha umsi okanye i-smoke, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwepetroli eziyisebenzisayo ukuqhuba - into enokucaphukisa wena okanye abamelwane bakho.

Ukugcina ikhaya lakho lisebenza ngamandla

Ngokuphathelele ixesha abanokuthi baligcine lisebenza ekhaya lakho, iijenereyitha ezisebenza ngexesha elinye zingcono kuneebhetri ezigciniweyo. Ukuba nje unepetroli eyaneleyo, iijenereyitha zinokusebenza ngokuqhubekayo ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezintathu ngexesha (ukuba kuyimfuneko).

Akunjalo ngeebhetri ezigciniweyo. Masisebenzise iTesla Powerwall njengomzekelo. Inomthamo wokugcina we-13.5 kilowatt-hours, onokubonelela ngombane iiyure ezimbalwa ngokwawo. Ungafumana umbane owongezelelweyo kuzo ukuba ziyinxalenye yenkqubo yephaneli yelanga okanye ukuba usebenzisa iibhetri ezininzi kwinkqubo enye.

Ixesha elilindelekileyo lokuphila kunye newaranti
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ii-backup zebhetri ziza neewaranti ezinde kuneejenereyitha ezilindileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ezi waranti zilinganiswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, iinkqubo zokugcina iibhetri zilahlekelwa ngamandla okugcina itshaja, njengeefowuni kunye neelaptops. Ngenxa yeso sizathu, ukugcina iibhetri kuquka umlinganiselo wokuphela kwewaranti, olinganisa ukuba ibhetri iya kuba namandla kangakanani na ukugcina itshaja ekupheleni kwexesha layo lewaranti. Kwimeko kaTesla, inkampani iqinisekisa ukuba ibhetri yePowerwall kufuneka igcine i-70% yamandla ayo ekupheleni kwewaranti yayo yeminyaka eli-10.

Abanye abavelisi beebhetri ezixhasayo banikezela ngewaranti "yokusebenzisa amandla". Eli linani lemijikelo, iiyure okanye amandla aphumayo (okwaziwa ngokuba yi "ukusebenzisa amandla") inkampani eyiqinisekisayo kwibhetri yayo.

Ngeejenereyitha ezihlala zilindile, kulula ukuqikelela ubomi bazo. Iijenereyitha ezisemgangathweni ophezulu zingasebenza iiyure ezingama-3,000, logama nje zigcinwe kakuhle. Ke ngoko, ukuba usebenzisa ijenereyitha yakho iiyure ezili-150 ngonyaka, kufuneka ihlale iminyaka engama-20.

Yeyiphi efanelekileyo kuwe?
Kuzo zonke iindidi ezininzi,ibhetri egciniweyoIinkqubo ziphuma phambili. Ngamafutshane, zingcono kokusingqongileyo, kulula ukuzifaka kwaye zibiza kancinci ukuzisebenzisa ixesha elide. Ngaphezu koko, zinewaranti ezinde kuneejenereyitha ezilindileyo.

Oko kuthethiweyo, iijenereyitha zemveli zinokuba lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwezinye iimeko. Ngokungafaniyo neebhetri ezigcina umbane, udinga ijenereyitha enye kuphela ukubuyisela umbane xa ucinyiwe, nto leyo enciphisa iindleko zangaphambili. Ukongeza, iijenereyitha ezilindileyo zinokuhlala ixesha elide kuneenkqubo zokugcina umbane kwiseshoni enye. Ngenxa yoko, ziya kuba lubhejo olukhuselekileyo ukuba umbane ucinyiwe iintsuku ezininzi.