Abenzi beemoto ukusuka eTesla ukuya eRivian ukuya eCadillac banyusa amaxabiso kwiimoto zabo zombane ngelixa iimeko zemarike zitshintsha kwaye amaxabiso eemveliso anyuka, ngakumbi kwizinto ezibalulekileyo ezifunekayoIibhetri ze-EV.

Amaxabiso eebhetri ebesehla kangangeminyaka, kodwa oko kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuza kutshintsha. Enye inkampani iqikelela ukunyuka okukhulu kwemfuno yeeminerali zebhetri kwiminyaka emine ezayo okunokunyusa ixabiso leeseli zebhetri ze-EV ngaphezulu kwama-20%. Oko kungaphezulu kwamaxabiso asele enyuka ezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ezinxulumene nebhetri, okubangelwe kukuphazamiseka kwezixhobo zokubonelela ngeenkonzo ezinxulumene neCovid kunye nokuhlasela kweRussia e-Ukraine.

Iindleko eziphezulu ziye zabangela ukuba abavelisi bezithuthi zombane banyuse amaxabiso abo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba izithuthi ezibizayo sele zifikeleleke kancinci kubantu baseMelika abaqhelekileyo kwaye umbuzo uphakama, ngaba ukunyuka kwamaxabiso eemveliso kuya kuyicothisa inguquko yezithuthi zombane?

Ukudlulisa iindleko

Inkokeli yoshishino iTesla isebenze iminyaka emininzi ukunciphisa iindleko zezithuthi zayo, inxalenye "yesicwangciso sayo esiyimfihlo" sokukhuthaza utshintsho lwehlabathi ukuya ekuthuthweni okungenakukhutshwa komoya. Kodwa nayo kuye kwafuneka inyuse amaxabiso ayo amaxesha amaninzi kunyaka ophelileyo, kuquka kabini ngoMatshi emva kokuba i-CEO u-Elon Musk ilumkisile ukuba zombini iTesla kunye neSpaceX "zibona uxinzelelo olukhulu lwakutshanje lokunyuka kwamaxabiso" kumaxabiso ezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye neendleko zothutho.

Uninzi lweeTesla ngoku zibiza kakhulu kunasekuqaleni kowama-2021. Uhlobo olubiza kakhulu lwe-“Standard Range” lweModel 3, imoto engabizi kakhulu yeTesla, ngoku iqala kwi-$46,990 e-US, inyuke ngama-23% ukusuka kwi-$38,190 ngoFebruwari 2021.

URivian wayengomnye wabantu abaqale ukunyuka amaxabiso, kodwa ukufuduka kwakhe kwakungeyonto ingenampikiswano. Le nkampani yathi ngomhla woku-1 kweyoKwindla ukuba zombini iimodeli zayo zabathengi, i-R1T pickup kunye ne-R1S SUV, ziya kufumana ukunyuka okukhulu kwamaxabiso, okuza kusebenza ngoko nangoko. I-R1T iza kunyuka nge-18% iye kwi-$79,500, itsho njalo, kwaye i-R1S iza kunyuka nge-21% iye kwi-$84,500.

URivian kwangaxeshanye ubhengeze iinguqulelo ezintsha ezingabizi kakhulu zeemodeli zombini, ezineempawu ezimbalwa ezisemgangathweni kunye neemoto ezimbini zombane endaweni yezine, ezixabisa i-$67,500 kunye ne-$72,500 ngokwahlukeneyo, kufutshane namaxabiso okuqala oodadewabo abaneemoto ezine ezintle.

Uhlengahlengiso lubangele amathandabuzo: Ekuqaleni, uRivian wathi ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kuya kusebenza kwii-odolo ezibekwe ngaphambi komhla woku-1 kweyoKwindla kunye nee-odolo ezintsha, ngokuyintloko ziphindwe kabini kubanini-ndawo ababhukishayo ukuze bafumane imali engaphezulu. Kodwa emva kweentsuku ezimbini zokurhoxiswa, i-CEO uRJ Scaringe waxolisa waza wathi uRivian uza kuhlonipha amaxabiso amadala ee-odolo esele zibekwe.

“Ekuthetheni nani abaninzi kwiintsuku ezimbini ezidlulileyo, ndiyaqonda kwaye ndiyayiqonda indlela uninzi lwenu oluzive lukhathazekile ngayo,” wabhala uScaringe kwileta eya kubachaphazelekayo baseRivian. “Ukususela oko samisela ulwakhiwo lwamaxabiso ethu ekuqaleni, ingakumbi kwiinyanga zakutshanje, kuninzi okutshintshileyo. Yonke into ukusuka kwii-semiconductors ukuya kwi-sheet metal ukuya kwizihlalo iye yabiza kakhulu.”

I-Lucid Group ikwadlulisela ezinye zeendleko eziphezulu kubathengi abanamava beenqwelo zayo zodidi oluphezulu ezibizayo.

Le nkampani ithe ngoMeyi 5 ukuba iza kunyusa amaxabiso azo zonke iintlobo ze-Air luxury sedan yayo ngaphandle kweyodwa malunga ne-10% ukuya kwi-12% kubathengi baseMelika ababhukishayo ngomhla woku-1 kuJuni okanye emva koko. Mhlawumbi ekhumbula utshintsho lukaRivian, i-CEO yeLucid uPeter Rawlinson iqinisekisile abathengi ukuba iLucid iza kuhlonipha amaxabiso ayo angoku kuyo nayiphi na indawo yokubhukisha ebekwe kude kube sekupheleni kukaMeyi.

Abathengi abenza ukubhukisha iLucid Air ngomhla woku-1 kweyeSilimela okanye kamva baza kuhlawula i-$154,000 kwinguqulelo yeGrand Touring, ukusuka kwi-$139,000; i-$107,400 kwi-trim ye-Air in Touring, ukusuka kwi-$95,000; okanye i-$87,400 kwinguqulelo engabizi kakhulu, ebizwa ngokuba yi-Air Pure, ukusuka kwi-$77,400.

Ixabiso le-trim entsha ekumgangatho ophezulu eyabhengezwa ngo-Epreli, i-Air Grand Touring Performance, alitshintshi kwi-$179,000, kodwa — nangona kukho iinkcukacha ezifanayo — lingaphezulu nge-$10,000 kune-Air Dream Edition eyayithatha indawo yayo.

“Ihlabathi litshintshe kakhulu ukususela ngexesha esaqala ukubhengeza iLucid Air ngoSeptemba 2020,” uRawlinson uxelele abatyali-mali ngexesha lodliwano-ndlebe lwenkampani ngengeniso.

Inzuzo yelifa

Abenzi beemoto abaziwayo kwihlabathi liphela banoqoqosho olukhulu kuneenkampani ezifana neLucid okanye iRivian kwaye abakaze bachaphazeleke kakhulu kukunyuka kwamaxabiso anxulumene neebhetri. Nabo, baziva bexinezelekile ngamaxabiso, nangona bedlulisela iindleko kubathengi kwinqanaba elincinci.

NgoMvulo iGeneral Motors inyuse ixabiso lokuqala lemoto yayo iCadillac Lyriq crossover EV, yanyusa iiodolo ezintsha nge-$3,000 ukuya kwi-$62,990. Ukunyuka akubandakanyi ukuthengiswa kwenguqulo yokuqala.

UMongameli weCadillac uRory Harvey, xa echaza ukunyuka kwamaxabiso, uthe inkampani ngoku ibandakanya isibonelelo se-$1,500 sokuba abanini bafake iitshaja emakhaya (nangona abathengi benguqulelo yokuqala exabiso liphantsi nabo baya kunikwa esi sivumelwano). Ukwacaphule iimeko zangaphandle zemarike kunye namaxabiso akhuphisanayo njengezinto ezibangela ukunyusa ixabiso.

I-GM ilumkisile ngexesha lomnxeba wayo wengeniso kwikota yokuqala kwinyanga ephelileyo ukuba ilindele ukuba iindleko zeemveliso zizonke ngo-2022 zifikelele kwi-$5 yeebhiliyoni, okuphindwe kabini koko bekuqikelelwe ngumenzi weemoto ngaphambili.

“Andicingi ukuba yinto enye kuphela,” utshilo uHarvey ngexesha lentlanganiso nabezindaba ngoMvulo ebhengeza utshintsho lwamaxabiso, esongeza ukuba inkampani ibisoloko iceba ukulungisa ixabiso emva komdlalo wokuqala. “Ndicinga ukuba zininzi izinto eziqwalaselweyo.”

Ukusebenza kunye neenkcukacha zeLyriq entsha ka-2023 azitshintshanga xa zithelekiswa nemodeli yokuqala, utshilo. Kodwa ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kuyibeka kufutshane nexabiso leTesla Model Y, apho i-GM ibeka iLyriq ukuba ikhuphisane nayo.

I-Ford Motor ekhuphisana nayo yenze amaxabiso abe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yentengiso yayo ye-F-150 Lightning pickup entsha yombane. Uninzi lwabahlalutyi bamangaliswa kunyaka ophelileyo xa iFord yathi iF-150 Lightning, esandul’ ukuqalisa ukuthunyelwa kubathengisi, iza kuqala kwi-$39,974 kuphela.

UDarren Palmer, usekela-mongameli weFord weenkqubo ze-EV zehlabathi, uthe inkampani iceba ukugcina amaxabiso - njengoko ikwenzile ukuza kuthi ga ngoku - kodwa ixhomekeke kwiindleko "ezingaqhelekanga" zeempahla, njengaye wonke umntu.

Kwinyanga ephelileyo iFord ithe ilindele ukuba izinto eziluhlaza zingabiza i-$4 yeebhiliyoni kulo nyaka, ukusuka kwingqikelelo yangaphambili ye-$1.5 yeebhiliyoni ukuya kwi-$2 yeebhiliyoni.

“Siza kuqhubeka siyigcinela wonke umntu, kodwa kuya kufuneka siphendule kwiimpahla, ndiqinisekile,” uPalmer uxelele iCNBC ngexesha lodliwanondlebe ekuqaleni kwale nyanga.

Ukuba iLightning ibona ukunyuka kwexabiso, abanini beendawo zokubhukisha abangama-200,000 banokuthi basindiswe. UPalmer uthe iFord iyiqaphele indlela uRivian asabela ngayo.

Iikhonkco zokubonelela ezisekwe

I-Lyriq kunye ne-F-150 Lightning ziimveliso ezintsha, ezineekhonkco ezintsha zokubonelela - okwangoku - eziye zabangela ukuba abavelisi beemoto bafikelele kumaxabiso aphezulu eemveliso. Kodwa kwezinye iimoto zombane ezindala, ezifana neChevrolet Bolt kunye neNissan Leaf, abavelisi beemoto bakwazile ukugcina ukunyuka kwamaxabiso abo kuncinci nangona iindleko ziphezulu.

I-GM's 2022 Bolt EV iqala kwi-$31,500, inyuke nge-$500 ukusuka ekuqaleni konyaka, kodwa yehle malunga ne-$5,000 xa ithelekiswa nonyaka ophelileyo kwaye ixabisa malunga ne-$6,000 kunexesha lokuqaliswa kwesithuthi kunyaka ka-2017. I-GM ayikabhengezi amaxabiso e-2023 Bolt EV.

INissan ithe kwinyanga ephelileyo inguqulelo ehlaziyiweyo yeLeaf yayo yombane, ebithengiswa eMelika ukusukela ngo-2010, iza kugcina amaxabiso afanayo okuqala kwiimodeli ezizayo zesithuthi zika-2023. Iimodeli zangoku ziqala kwi-$27,400 kunye ne-$35,400.

Usihlalo weNissan Americas uJeremie Papin uthe eyona nto iphambili kwinkampani malunga namaxabiso kukwamkela uninzi lwamaxabiso angaphandle anyukayo kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kuquka nezithuthi ezizayo ezifana ne-Ariya EV ezayo. I-Ariya ka-2023 iza kuqala kwi-$45,950 xa ifika eMelika kamva kulo nyaka.

“Loo nto isoloko iphambili,” uPapin uxelele i-CNBC. “Yiloo nto sigxile kuyo… iyinyani kwi-ICE njengoko injalo nakwii-EV. Sifuna nje ukuthengisa iimoto ngexabiso eliphantsi kwaye ngexabiso lazo elipheleleyo.”