1. Iifemu eziphezulu zokugcina amandla zomeleza

Ngokweempawu zophuhliso lweshishini lokugcina amandla, iphethini yophuhliso yenziwe, kunye neebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate njengeyona ndlela iphambili, iibhetri ze-sodium-ion ziphucula ngokukhawuleza njengento ebambeleyo, kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zebhetri zongezelela enye kwenye.Ngokunyuka kwemfuno yendawo yokuhlala kunye nendawo yokugcina enkulu, ukuvuthwa kweibhetri yokugcina amandla itekhnoloji iya kuphuculwa ngakumbi, kwaye iindleko zebhetri kulindeleke ukuba zehle.Ishishini lebhetri elipheleleyo lokugcina amandla ligxile kakhulu, kunye namashishini aphambili athatha isabelo esikhulu semarike.

2. Ii-inverters zokugcina amandla zikhula ngokukhawuleza

Okwangoku, umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwee-inverters uyaqhubeka nokukhula ngokukhawuleza, kunye ne-micro-inverters ebala umlinganiselo omkhulu.I-inverter midstream ikakhulu ibonelela ngee-inverters zokugcina amandla ezilungelelaniswe kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zesicelo, kodwa akukho nkokeli yemarike ngokupheleleyo.Ngokukhutshwa kogcino lwamandla amakhulu eTshayina kunye nokuvulwa kwemarike yogcino phesheya kolwandle,ukugcinwa kwamandla ishishini le-inverter kulindeleke ukuba lingene kwixesha elikhawulezayo.

3. Ukupholisa kogcino lwamandla kukhula ngokuthe chu

Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwemakethi yokugcina amandla e-electrochemical, imakethi yolawulo lobushushu nayo ifumene ukukhula okuphezulu.Kwixesha elizayo, kunye nenani elikhulayo lezinga eliphezulu kunye nezicelo zokugcina amandla aphezulu, iingenelo zeenkqubo zokupholisa ulwelo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu kunye nesantya esikhawulezayo kuya kubonakala ngakumbi, ukukhawuleza ukungena.Xa kuthelekiswa neenkqubo zokupholisa umoya, iinkqubo zokupholisa ulwelo zinika ubomi bebhetri obuzinzileyo, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu, kunye nolawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu.Kuqikelelwa ukuba ngo-2025, izinga lokungena kweenkqubo zokupholisa ulwelo liya kufikelela kwi-45%.

4. Ikhonkco phakathi kwendawo yokugcina ikhaya yangaphandle, indawo yokugcina enkulu yasekhaya.

Iinkqubo zokugcina amandla zihlulwe zibe phambi kwemitha kunye nezicelo emva kwemitha.Ukusetyenziswa kwe-front-of-the-meter kuxhaphake kakhulu, kunye ne-China, i-United States, kunye ne-Europe ikakhulu igxile kumashishini angaphambili kwimitha.E-China, izicelo zangaphambili zemitha zibalelwa kwi-76% yomlinganiselo wokufakela ukugcinwa kwamandla asekhaya kwi-2021. Amashishini angemva kwemitha ahluka ekugxininiseni phakathi kwamazwe, kunye nesantya sokungena kwe-10% yokugcina indawo enkulu I-China kunye ne-5% yokugcina indawo yokuhlala.Iimarike zaphesheya zigxile ikakhulu kwindawo yokugcina indawo yokuhlala.Ngo-2021, amandla afakiweyo okugcina amandla okuhlala e-United States anyuke nge-67%, ngelixa ukugcinwa kwamandla ezorhwebo kunye nezoshishino kwehle nge-24%.

5. Uhlalutyo lweMarike yoGcino lwaMandla

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukuphumelela okukhulu kuye kwenziwa kwiitekhnoloji ezintsha zokugcina amandla ezifana neebhetri ze-lithium-ion, iibhetri zokuhamba, iibhetri zesodium-ion, ukugcinwa kwamandla omoya, kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla omxhuzulane.Ishishini lasekhaya lokugcina amandla e-China lingene kwisigaba sophuhliso esahlukileyo kwaye kulindeleke ukuba lithathe indawo ephambili kwihlabathi kwixa elizayo.

5.1 Iibhetri zokugcina amandla

Ngokubhekiselele kwiibhetri zogcino lwamandla, umthamo wofakelo webhetri wogcino lwamandla kwihlabathi jikelele kunye nesantya sokukhula sonyuka unyaka nonyaka, sinemfuno enkulu kwimarike yebhetri yokugcina amandla.Imveliso yebhetri ye-lithium yokugcina amandla yaseChina iye yanda ngokuqhubekayo, kwaye ixabiso leebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate nganye nge-kilowatt-yure kulindeleke ukuba lihle.Iqhutywa sisikhokelo somgaqo-nkqubo kunye nokuphindaphinda kobuchwephesha boshishino, imarike esezantsi yogcino lweebhetri inamandla ophuhliso kunye nemfuno ebanzi, eqhuba ukwandiswa okuqhubekayo kwemfuno yokugcina amandla ebhetri.

5.2 IiNkqubo zoGuqulo lwaMandla

Ngokubhekiselele kwi-PCS (iiNkqubo zokuGuqulwa kwamandla), umgangatho wehlabathi jikelele ubhekiselele ekudityanisweni kwe-photovoltaic kunye ne-inverters yokugcina amandla, ehambelana kakhulu kunye nee-inverters eziboshwe ngegridi.Ii-inverters zokugcina amandla zineprimiyamu ebalulekileyo, kwaye izinga lokungena kwee-microinverters kwimarike esasazwayo kulindeleke ukuba liqhubeke nokuphucula.Kwixesha elizayo, njengoko umlinganiselo wokumiswa kokugcinwa kwamandla kwanda, imboni ye-PCS iya kungena kwinqanaba lokwandisa ngokukhawuleza.

5.3 Ulawulo lobushushu bokugcina amandla

Ngokubhekiselele kulawulo lobushushu bokugcina amandla, ukukhula okuphezulu kweenkqubo zokugcina amandla e-electrochemical kuqhuba uphuhliso olukhawulezayo lolawulo lobushushu bokugcina amandla.Ngo-2025, isikali semarike yolawulo lobushushu bokugcina amandla e-electrochemical yaseTshayina kulindeleke ukuba ifikelele kwi-2.28-4.08 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, kunye nesantya esihambelanayo sonyaka sokukhula komdibaniso wama-77% kunye nama-91% ukusuka ku-2022 ukuya ku-2025. Kwixesha elizayo, njengomthamo ophezulu. kunye nezicelo zokugcina amandla eziphezulu zonyuka, iimfuno eziphezulu ziya kufakwa kulawulo lobushushu.Ukupholisa ulwelo, njengesisombululo sobuchwephesha sexesha eliphakathi ukuya kwelide, kulindeleke ukuba kunyuse kancinci izinga lokungena kwimarike, ngesabelo esiqikelelweyo se-45% semarike ngo-2025.

5.4 Ukhuseleko lomlilo kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla

Ngokumalunga nokukhuselwa komlilo kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla, amashishini ahamba phambili okugcina amandla e-China kwintsimi yeenkqubo zokukhusela umlilo anegumbi elibalulekileyo lokuphucula isabelo semarike.Okwangoku, i-akhawunti yokukhusela umlilo malunga ne-3% yeendleko zenkqubo yokugcina amandla.Ngomlinganiselo ophezulu womoya kunye namandla elanga axhunywe kwigridi, izinga lokusetyenziswa kokugcinwa kwamandla liya kwanda ngokukhawuleza, okukhokelela kwimfuno engakumbi yokukhusela umlilo kunye nokunyuka okuhambelanayo kwinani leendleko zokukhusela umlilo.

I-China igxile kakhulu kugcino lwamandla amakhulu, ngelixa iimarike zaphesheya zigxile ekugcinweni kwamandla kwindawo yokuhlala.Ngo-2021, umlinganiselo wokugcinwa kwamandla omsebenzisi kwindawo entsha yokugcina amandla e-China yafikelela kwi-24%, igxininisa ukubaluleka kwayo.Ngokweemeko zezicelo ezithile, icandelo lezorhwebo nemizi-mveliso yasekhaya kunye neepaki zemizi-mveliso zenza uninzi olupheleleyo, kunye nesabelo esidityanisiweyo esingaphezulu kwama-80%, nto leyo ezenza zibe zezona zicelo ziqhelekileyo zogcino lwamandla kwicala lomsebenzisi.