Ngokutsho kwesithethi kungcelele lweebhetri, “Ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa busebenzisa ibhetri, esisilwanyana sasendle.”Kunzima ukubona utshintsho kwibhetri njengoko isetyenziswa;nokuba ihlawuliswe ngokupheleleyo okanye ayinanto, intsha okanye igugile kwaye ifuna ukutshintshwa, ihlala ibonakala ifana.Ngokwahlukileyo koko, itayara lemoto liya konakala xa umoya uphantsi kwaye liya kubonisa ukuphela kobomi balo xa iintambo zinxitywe.

Imiba emithathu ishwankathela imiqobo yebhetri: [1] umsebenzisi akaqinisekanga ukuba ingakanani ixesha eshiyekileyo ipakethe;[2] umamkeli akaqinisekanga ukuba ibhetri ingahlangabezana neemfuno zamandla;kwaye [3] itshaja kufuneka ilungiselelwe ubungakanani bebhetri nganye kunye nekhemistri.Ibhetri "ehlakaniphile" ithembisa ukulungisa ezinye zezi ntsilelo, kodwa izisombululo ziyinkimbinkimbi.

Abasebenzisi beebhetri bacinga ngebhetri njengenkqubo yokugcina amandla ekhupha amafutha angamanzi njengetanki yamafutha.Ibhetri inokujongwa njengenjalo ngenxa yokulula, kodwa ukulinganisa amandla agcinwe kwisixhobo sombane we-electrochemical kunzima kakhulu.

Njengoko ibhodi yesekethe eprintiweyo elawula ukusebenza kwebhetri ye-lithium ikhona, i-lithium ithathwa njengebhetri ehlakaniphile.Nanini na ibhetri yeasidi etywiniweyo eqhelekileyo ayinalo naluphi na ulawulo lwebhodi yokwandisa ukusebenza kwayo.

Yintoni ibhetri ehlakaniphile?

Naliphi na ibhetri enenkqubo yokulawula ibhetri eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi ithathwa njengehlakaniphile.Isetyenziswa rhoqo kwiigajethi ezihlakaniphile, kuquka iikhompyutha kunye nee-elektroniki eziphathwayo.Ibhetri ekrelekrele iqulethe isekethe yombane ngaphakathi kunye nezivamvo ezinokubeka iliso kwiimpawu ezifana nempilo yomsebenzisi kunye namandla ombane kunye namanqanaba angoku kwaye zigqithise ezo zifundo kwisixhobo.

Iibhetri ze-Smart ziyakwazi ukuqaphela i-state-of-charge kunye ne-state-of-health parameters, apho isixhobo sinokufikelela ngokudibanisa idatha ekhethekileyo.Ibhetri ekrelekrele, ngokungafaniyo nebhetri engekho krelekrele, inokunxibelelana nalo lonke ulwazi olufanelekileyo kwisixhobo nakumsebenzisi, nto leyo eyenza ukuba kwenziwe izigqibo ezifanelekileyo ezinolwazi.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ibhetri engeyiyo i-smart, ayinayo indlela yokwazisa isixhobo okanye umsebenzisi malunga nesimo sayo, esinokubangela ukusebenza okungalindelekanga.Umzekelo, ibhetri inokumazisa umsebenzisi xa ifuna ukutshajwa okanye xa isondela esiphelweni sobomi bayo okanye yonakele ngayo nayiphi na indlela ukuze kuthengwe enye.Isenokulumkisa umsebenzisi xa ifuna ukutshintshwa.Ngokwenza oku, ukungaqiniseki okukhulu okuziswa zizixhobo ezindala—ezinokungasebenzi kakuhle ngamaxesha abalulekileyo—kunokuphetshwa.

Ukucaciswa kwebhetri eSmart

Ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kwemveliso, ukhuseleko, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, ibhetri, itshaja ehlakaniphile, kunye nesixhobo sokusingatha zonke zinxibelelana enye kwenye.Umzekelo, ibhetri ekrelekrele kufuneka ihlawulwe kanye xa kukho imfuneko kunokuba ifakwe kwisistim yokusingatha ukuze isetyenziswe rhoqo kwaye ingaguquguquki.Iibhetri ezihlakaniphile zihlala zijonga amandla azo xa zitshaja, zikhupha, okanye zigcina.Ukubona utshintsho kwiqondo lobushushu bebhetri, izinga lentlawulo, izinga lokukhutshwa, njl., igeyiji yebhetri isebenzisa izinto ezithile.Iibhetri ze-Smart zidla ngokuba neempawu zokuzilinganisa kunye neempawu eziguquguqukayo.Ukusebenza kwebhetri kuya kwenzakala ngokugcinwa kwentlawulo epheleleyo.Ukukhusela ibhetri, ibhetri ehlakaniphile inokukhupha kwi-voltage yokugcina njengoko kufuneka kwaye ivule umsebenzi wokugcina ohlakaniphile njengoko kuyimfuneko.

Ngokuziswa kweebhetri ezikrelekrele, abasebenzisi, izixhobo, kunye nebhetri zonke zinokunxibelelana enye kwenye.Abavelisi kunye nemibutho elawulayo iyahluka kwindlela “ehlakaniphile” ngayo ibhetri.Elona bhetri libalulekileyo linokubandakanya itshiphu eyalela itshaja yebhetri ukuba isebenzise ialgorithm yokutshaja efanelekileyo.Kodwa, iForam yeSistim yebhetri yeSmart (SBS) ayinakuyithatha njengebhetri ekrelekrele ngenxa yemfuno yayo yezalathisi ezisikelelweyo, eziyimfuneko kwezonyango, emkhosini, nakwizixhobo zekhompyuter apho kungabikho ndawo yempazamo.

Ubukrelekrele benkqubo kufuneka bufakwe ngaphakathi kwipakethi yebhetri ngenxa yokhuseleko yeyona nto iphambili exhalabisayo.I-chip elawula intlawulo yebhetri iphunyezwa yibhetri ye-SBS, kwaye isebenzisana nayo kwi-loop evaliweyo.Ibhetri yemichiza ithumela imiqondiso ye-analogue kwitshaja eyiyalela ukuba iyeke ukutshaja xa ibhetri igcwele.Kongezwe iqondo lobushushu.Abaninzi abavelisi bebhetri abahlakaniphile namhlanje babonelela ngeteknoloji ye-fuel gauge eyaziwa ngokuba yi-System Management Bus (SMBus), edibanisa iteknoloji ye-chip edibeneyo (IC) kwiinkqubo zocingo olulodwa okanye ezimbini.

I-Dallas Semiconductor Inc. iveze i-1-Wire, inkqubo yokulinganisa esebenzisa ucingo olulodwa kunxibelelwano oluphantsi kwesantya.Idatha kunye newotshi zidityanisiwe kwaye zithunyelwa ngaphaya komgca ofanayo.Ekupheleni kokufumana, ikhowudi yaseManchester, eyaziwa ngokuba yikhowudi yesigaba, iyahlula idatha.Ikhowudi yebhetri kunye neenkcukacha, ezifana ne-voltage yayo, yangoku, iqondo lokushisa, kunye neenkcukacha ze-SoC, zigcinwa kwaye zilandelwa yi-1-Wire.Kuninzi lweebhetri, ucingo olwahlukileyo oluvavanya ubushushu luqhutywa ngeenjongo zokhuseleko.Inkqubo ibandakanya itshaja kunye neprotocol yayo.Kwinkqubo ye-Benchmarq yocingo olulodwa, uvavanyo lwemeko yezempilo (SoH) lufuna "ukutshata" isixhobo sokusingatha kwibhetri yalo eyabelwe.

I-1-Wire ibhenela kwiinkqubo zokugcina amandla ezixinzelelekileyo ezifana neebhetri ze-barcode scanner, iibhetri ezimbini zerediyo, kunye neebhetri zomkhosi ngenxa yexabiso eliphantsi le-hardware.