Iingxelo zekota yesithathu zikaTesla zika-2021 zibhengeze ukutshintshela kwiibhetri zeLiFePO4 njengomgangatho omtsha kwizithuthi zayo. Kodwa zithini kanye kanye iibhetri zeLiFePO4?
ENEW YORK, ENEW YORK, e-USA, nge-26 kaMeyi 2022 /EINPresswire.com / — Ngaba ziyindlela engcono kuneebhetri zeLi-Ion? Ziwenza njani la mabhetri ahluke kwezinye iibhetri?
Intshayelelo kwiibhetri zeLiFePO4
Ibhetri ye-lithium iron phosphate (LFP) yibhetri ye-lithium-ion enamazinga okutshaja nokukhupha ngokukhawuleza. Yibhetri etshajwayo eneLiFePO4 njenge-cathode kunye ne-graphitic carbon electrode ene-metallic backing njenge-anode.
Iibhetri zeLiFePO4 zinobunzima obuphantsi kuneebhetri zelithium-ion kwaye zisebenza ngevolthi ephantsi. Zinomlinganiselo ophantsi wokukhupha amanzi kunye neegophe ezithe tye kwaye zikhuselekile kuneLi-ion. Ezi bhetri zikwaziwa ngokuba ziibhetri zelithium ferrophosphate.
Ukuveliswa kweebhetri zeLiFePO4
Iibhetri zeLiFePO4 zaqanjwa nguJohn B. Goodenough kunye noArumugam Manthiram. Zaziphakathi kwabokuqala ukufumanisa izinto ezisetyenziswa kwiibhetri zelithium-ion. Izinto ze-Anode azifanelekanga kwiibhetri zelithium-ion ngenxa yokuba zinotyekelo lokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza.
Izazinzulu zifumanise ukuba izinto ze-cathode zingcono xa zithelekiswa nee-cathode zebhetri ye-lithium-ion. Oku kubonakala ngakumbi kwiinguqulelo zebhetri ye-LiFePO4. Ziyandisa uzinzo kunye nokuqhuba kwaye ziphucula ezinye iinkalo ezahlukeneyo.
Kule mihla, iibhetri zeLiFePO4 zifumaneka kuyo yonke indawo kwaye zinezicelo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwizikhephe, kwiinkqubo zelanga, nakwiimoto. Iibhetri zeLiFePO4 azina-cobalt kwaye zibiza kancinci kunezinye iindlela. Ayinatyhefu kwaye ihlala ixesha elide.
Iinkcukacha zebhetri ye-LFP -
Umsebenzi weeNkqubo zoLawulo lweeBhetri kwiibhetri ze-LFP
Iibhetri ze-LFP zenziwe ngaphezu kweeseli eziqhagamshelweyo; zinenkqubo eqinisekisa ukuba ibhetri ihlala ngaphakathi kwemida ekhuselekileyo. Inkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri (i-BMS) ikhusela, ilawula, kwaye ijonga ibhetri phantsi kweemeko zokusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokwandisa ubomi bebhetri.
Umsebenzi weeNkqubo zoLawulo lweeBhetri kwiibhetri ze-LFP -
Nangona iiseli ze-lithium iron phosphate zinyamezela ngakumbi, nangona kunjalo zinobunzima bokusebenzisa amandla amaninzi xa zitshaja, nto leyo enciphisa ukusebenza kwazo. Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwi-cathode zinokonakala kwaye zilahlekelwe kukuzinza kwazo. I-BMS ilawula imveliso yeseli nganye kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba umbane ophezulu webhetri uyagcinwa.
Njengoko izinto ze-electrode ziwohloka, i-Undervoltage iba yingxaki enkulu. Ukuba nayiphi na i-voltage yeseli yehla ngaphantsi komda othile, i-BMS iyayinqamla ibhetri kwisekethe. Ikwasebenza njenge-backstop kwimeko yombane ogqithisileyo kwaye iya kuyivala ukusebenza kwayo ngexesha lokujikeleza okufutshane.
Iibhetri zeLiFePO4 xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri zeLithium-Ion
Iibhetri zeLiFePO4 azifanelekanga kwizixhobo ezinokunxitywa ezifana neewotshi. Ziphantsi koxinano lwamandla aphantsi kunanoma yiziphi ezinye iibhetri zelithium. Nangona kunjalo, zezona zilungileyo kwiinkqubo zamandla elanga, iiRV, iinqwelo zegalufa, iinqanawa zebhasi, kunye neebhayisekile zombane.
★Enye yezona nzuzo ziphambili zezi bhetri bubomi bazo bomjikelo.
Ezi bhetri zinokuhlala ixesha elide ngaphezu kwezinye izihlandlo ezi-4. Zikhuselekile kwaye zinokufikelela kubunzulu obupheleleyo bokukhupha, oko kuthetha ukuba zingasetyenziswa ixesha elide ngakumbi.
Ngezantsi kukho izizathu ezongezelelweyo zokuba kutheni ezi bhetri zingcono kuneebhetri zeLi-ion.
★Ixabiso eliphantsi
Iibhetri ze-LFP zenziwe ngentsimbi kunye ne-phosphorus, zimbiwa ngomlinganiselo omkhulu, kwaye azibizi kakhulu. Ixabiso leebhetri ze-LFP liqikelelwa ukuba liphantsi ngama-70 ekhulwini ngekhilogram kuneebhetri ze-NMC ezityebileyo kwi-nickel. Ukwakheka kwayo kweekhemikhali kubonelela ngenzuzo yeendleko. Amaxabiso aphantsi kakhulu eeseli ezixeliweyo kwiibhetri ze-LFP ehle ngaphantsi kwe-$100/kWh okokuqala ngo-2020.
★Impembelelo encinci kwiNdalo
Iibhetri ze-LFP azinazo i-nickel okanye i-cobalt, ezibiza kakhulu kwaye zinempembelelo enkulu kwindalo. Ezi bhetri ziyatshajwa kwakhona nto leyo ebonisa ukuba zinobuhlobo nendalo.
★Ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokusebenza ngcono
Iibhetri ze-LFP zaziwa ngobomi bazo obude, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zibe lukhetho oludumileyo kwiizicelo ezifuna amandla asebenzayo athembekileyo nahlala ehleli ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ezi bhetri zifumana amazinga okulahleka komthamo aphantsi kunezinye iibhetri ze-lithium-ion, nto leyo enceda ukugcina ukusebenza kwazo ixesha elide. Ukongeza, zinevolthi ephantsi yokusebenza, nto leyo ebangela ukuba zingabi namandla angaphakathi kwaye zikhawuleze ukutshaja/ukukhupha.
★Ukhuseleko oluphuculweyo kunye nozinzo
Iibhetri ze-LFP zizinzile ngokwe-thermal kunye neekhemikhali, yiyo loo nto zingenako ukuqhuma okanye ukubamba umlilo. I-LFP ivelisa isinye kwisithandathu sobushushu be-NMC etyebileyo kwi-nickel. Ngenxa yokuba i-Co-O bond inamandla kwiibhetri ze-LFP, ii-athomu ze-oksijini zikhutshwa kancinci ukuba zifinyezwa okanye zishushu kakhulu. Ngaphezu koko, akukho lithium ehlala kwiiseli ezitshajiweyo ngokupheleleyo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zikwazi ukumelana nokulahleka kwe-oksijini xa kuthelekiswa neempendulo ze-exothermic ezibonwa kwezinye iiseli ze-lithium.
★Incinci kwaye ilula
Iibhetri ze-LFP zikhaphukhaphu phantse ngama-50% kuneebhetri ze-lithium manganese oxide. Zikhaphukhaphu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-70% kuneebhetri ze-lead-acid. Xa usebenzisa ibhetri ye-LiFePO4 emotweni, usebenzisa igesi encinci kwaye kulula ukuyilawula. Zincinci kwaye zincinci, zikuvumela ukuba wonge indawo kwisikuta sakho, isikhephe, i-RV, okanye ukusetyenziswa kwemizi-mveliso.
Iibhetri zeLiFePO4 xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri ezingezizo zeLithium
Iibhetri ezingezizo ze-lithium zineengenelo ezininzi kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba zitshintshwe phakathi kwexesha ngenxa yamandla eebhetri ezintsha zeLiFePo4 njengoko ubuchwepheshe bakudala bubiza kakhulu kwaye bungasebenzi kakuhle.
☆ Iibhetri zeLead Acid
Iibhetri ze-lead-acid zingabonakala ngathi zibiza kancinci ekuqaleni, kodwa ekugqibeleni zibiza kakhulu ekuhambeni kwexesha. Oku kungenxa yokuba zifuna ukulungiswa rhoqo kunye nokutshintshwa. Ibhetri ye-LiFePO4 iya kuhlala ixesha elide amaxesha ama-2-4 ngaphandle kokulungiswa.
☆Iibhetri zeGel
Iibhetri zejeli, njengeebhetri zeLiFePO4, azifuni kutshajwa rhoqo kwaye azilahlekelwa yitshaji ngelixa zigcinwa. Kodwa iibhetri zejeli zitshaja ngesantya esiphantsi. Kufuneka ziqhawulwe ngokukhawuleza xa zitshajiwe ngokupheleleyo ukuze zingatshabalali.
☆Iibhetri ze-AGM
Nangona iibhetri ze-AGM zisemngciphekweni omkhulu wokonakala ngaphantsi komthamo we-50%, iibhetri zeLiFePO4 zinokukhutshwa ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle komngcipheko wokonakala. Kwakhona, kunzima ukuzigcina zisebenza.
Izicelo zeebhetri zeLiFePO4
Iibhetri zeLiFePO4 zinezicelo ezininzi ezixabisekileyo, kuquka
●Iinqanawa Zokuloba NeeKayak: Ungachitha ixesha elingakumbi emanzini ngexesha elincinci lokutshaja kunye nexesha elide lokusebenza. Ubunzima obuncinci bubonelela ngokuphathwa okulula kunye nokunyuka kwesantya ngexesha lokhuphiswano lokuloba olunzima.
●Iiscooter kunye neemoped zokuhamba: Akukho bunzima bufunekayo bokuthoba isantya sakho. Tshaja ibhetri yakho ifikelele kumthamo ophantsi kunowo wonke xa uhamba ngequbuliso ngaphandle kokuyonakalisa.
●Iindlela ezicwangciswe ngayo ilanga: Phatha iibhetri zeLiFePO4 ezikhaphukhaphu naphi na apho ubomi bukusa khona (nokuba unyuka intaba okanye uphume kwigridi) ukuze usebenzise amandla elanga.
●Ukusetyenziswa kwezorhwebo: Ezi zezona bhetri ze-lithium zikhuselekileyo neziqinileyo ezenza ukuba zilungele ukusetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso efana noomatshini bomgangatho, ii-liftgate, nezinye izinto.
Ngaphezu koko, iibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate zinika amandla ezinye izixhobo ezininzi ezifana neetotshi, iicuba ze-elektroniki, izixhobo zerediyo, izibane ezingxamisekileyo, nezinye izinto.
Amathuba okuphunyezwa kwe-LFP ebanzi
Nangona iibhetri ze-LFP zingabizi kakhulu kwaye zizinzile kunezinye iindlela, uxinano lwamandla lube ngumqobo omkhulu ekusetyenzisweni ngokubanzi. Iibhetri ze-LFP zinoxinano lwamandla oluphantsi kakhulu, oluqala phakathi kwe-15 kunye ne-25%. Nangona kunjalo, oku kuyatshintsha kusetyenziswa ii-electrode ezijiyileyo ezifana nezo zisetyenziswe kwiModeli 3 eyenziwe eShanghai, enoxinano lwamandla lwe-359Wh/ilitha.
Ngenxa yobomi obude beebhetri ze-LFP, zinamandla angaphezu kweebhetri ze-Li-ion ezinobunzima obufanayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ubuninzi bamandla ezi bhetri buya kufana ngakumbi ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Esinye isithintelo sokwamkelwa kwabantu abaninzi kukuba iTshayina ilawule imakethi ngenxa yobuninzi beepatenti ze-LFP. Njengoko ezi patent ziphelelwa lixesha, kukho intelekelelo yokuba imveliso ye-LFP, njengokwenziwa kwezithuthi, iya kuba yeyasekuhlaleni.
Abenzi beemoto abakhulu abafana neFord, iVolkswagen, kunye neTesla basebenzisa ngakumbi ubuchwepheshe ngokutshintsha iifomyula ze-nickel okanye i-cobalt. Isibhengezo sakutshanje seTesla kuhlaziyo lwayo lwekota sisiqalo nje. ITesla ikwanike uhlaziyo olufutshane kwi-pack yayo yebhetri ye-4680, eya kuba noxinano olukhulu lwamandla kunye noluhlu oluphezulu. Kunokwenzeka ukuba iTesla iza kusebenzisa ulwakhiwo "lweseli ukuya kwiphakheji" ukuhlanganisa iiseli ezininzi kunye nokulungiselela uxinano oluphantsi lwamandla.
Nangona indala,I-LFPkwaye ukuncitshiswa kweendleko zebhetri kunokuba yinto ebalulekileyo ekukhawuleziseni ukwamkelwa kwe-EV enkulu. Ngowama-2023, amaxabiso e-lithium-ion kulindeleke ukuba abe kufutshane ne-$100/kWh. Ii-LFP zinokwenza abenzi beemoto bakwazi ukugxininisa izinto ezinje ngokulula okanye ixesha lokutshaja endaweni yexabiso nje kuphela.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Juni-24-2022