Kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo, iibhetri ezinomthamo ophezulu zifunwa kakhulu namhlanje. Ezi bhetri zinezicelo ezininzi, kuquka iibhetri zelanga, zezithuthi zombane, kunye nezokuzonwabisa. Iibhetri ze-lead-acid yayizezona kuphela ezikhethiweyo ezinomthamo ophezulu webhetri kwimarike kude kube yiminyaka embalwa eyadlulayo. Umnqweno weebhetri ezisekelwe kwi-lithium utshintshe kakhulu kwimarike yangoku, nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yezicelo zazo.

Ibhetri ye-lithium-ion kunye ne-lithium Iron phosphate (I-LiFePO4Ibhetri ihlukile kwezinye kule nkalo. Abantu badla ngokubuza ngomahluko phakathi kwezi bhetri zimbini kuba zisekelwe kwi-lithium.

Ngenxa yoko, siza kuhlola ezi bhetri nzulu kweli nqaku size sixoxe ngendlela ezahluka ngayo. Ngokufunda ngokusebenza kwazo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo, uya kufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nokuba yeyiphi ibhetri eza kusebenza kakuhle kuwe. Ngaphandle kokuchitha ixesha, masiqale:

Kutheni iibhetri zeLiFePO4 zingcono:

Abavelisi kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo bajonga i-lithium iron phosphate xa besebenzisa apho ukhuseleko lubalulekile. Ukuqina okugqwesileyo kweekhemikhali kunye nobushushu yimpawu ye-lithium iron phosphate. Kwiimeko ezishushu, le bhetri igcina ukupholisa kwayo.

Ayitshi xa inganyangwa kakuhle xa itshajwa ngokukhawuleza okanye xa kuvela iingxaki ze-short circuit. Ngenxa yokumelana kwe-phosphate cathode ekutshiseni okanye ekuqhumeni xa itshajwa kakhulu okanye ishushu kakhulu kunye nokukwazi kwebhetri ukugcina amaqondo obushushu ezolileyo, iibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate azihlali zishushu.

Nangona kunjalo, iingenelo zokhuseleko lwe-lithium-ion battery chemistry azinkulu kangako kunezo ze-lithium iron phosphate. Ibhetri inokuthenjwa ngakumbi ngenxa yobuninzi bayo bamandla, nto leyo ebangela ingxaki. Njengoko ibhetri ye-lithium-ion ichaphazeleka lula kubushushu, ifudumala ngokukhawuleza xa itshaja. Ukususwa kwebhetri emva kokusetyenziswa okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle yenye inzuzo ye-lithium iron phosphate ngokubhekiselele kukhuseleko.

Ikhemikhali ye-lithium cobalt dioxide esetyenziswa kwiibhetri ze-lithium-ion ithathwa njengeyingozi kuba inokubangela ukuba abantu bangabi namdla emehlweni naselusu. Xa iginyiwe, inokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu zempilo. Ngenxa yoko, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zifuna iingxaki ezikhethekileyo zokuyilahla. Nangona kunjalo, abavelisi banokuyilahla lula i-lithium iron phosphate kuba ayinabungozi.

Ubunzulu bokukhupha iibhetri ze-lithium-ion buqala kwi-80% ukuya kwi-95%. Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka uhlale ushiya ubuncinci be-5% ukuya kwi-20% yokutshaja (ipesenti echanekileyo iyahluka ngokusekelwe kwibhetri ethile) kwibhetri. Ubunzulu bokukhupha iibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate (LiFeP04) buphezulu kakhulu kwi-100%. Oku kubonisa ukuba ibhetri inokukhutshwa ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle komngcipheko wokuyonakalisa. Ibhetri ye-lithium iron phosphate yeyona ithandwayo kakhulu malunga nobunzulu bokuphelelwa.

Yeyiphi ingxaki enkulu yebhetri yeLithium-ion?

Ixabiso kunye nokuthembeka kweenkqubo zokugcina amandla, ezifana nezo zisetyenziswa njengezixhobo zombane ezixhasayo okanye ukunciphisa ukuguquguquka kwamandla avela kwimithombo yamandla avuselelekayo, zichaphazeleka kakhulu bubomi bokusebenza kweebhetri. Nangona kunjalo, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zineengxaki ezibalulekileyo, kubandakanya nemiphumo yokwaluphala kunye nokhuseleko.

Amandla eebhetri ze-lithium-ion kunye neeseli aphantsi kunalawo eebhetri ze-Lithium iron phosphate. Kufuneka zilumke zingatshajiswa kakhulu kwaye zikhutshwe kakhulu. Ukongeza, kufuneka zigcine umbane ngaphakathi kwemida eyamkelekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, enye ingxaki yeebhetri ze-lithium-ion kukuba kufuneka kongezwe isekethe yokukhusela ukuqinisekisa ukuba zigcinwa ngaphakathi koluhlu lwazo lokusebenza olukhuselekileyo.

Ngethamsanqa, iteknoloji yesekethe edibeneyo yedijithali yenza kube lula ukufaka oku kwibhetri okanye, ukuba ibhetri ayinakutshintshwa, izixhobo. Iibhetri zeLi-ion zingasetyenziswa ngaphandle kobuchule obukhethekileyo ngenxa yokufakwa kwesekethe yokulawula ibhetri. Xa ibhetri itshajwe ngokupheleleyo, ingagcinwa itshajwe, kwaye itshaja iya kunqumla amandla ebhetri.

Iibhetri zeLithium-ion zineenkqubo zolawulo lwebhetri ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ezijonga iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza kwazo. Isekethe yokukhusela ithintela i-voltage ephezulu yeseli nganye ngexesha lokutshaja kuba i-voltage eninzi kakhulu inokwenzakalisa iiseli. Ekubeni iibhetri zihlala zinonxibelelwano olunye kuphela, zihlala zitshajwa ngokulandelelana, nto leyo eyonyusa umngcipheko wokuba iseli enye ifumane i-voltage ephezulu kunefunekayo kuba iiseli ezahlukeneyo zinokufuna amanqanaba ahlukeneyo e-charge.

Inkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri ikwagcina umkhondo wobushushu beseli ukuze kuthintelwe amaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Uninzi lweebhetri lunetshaja ephezulu kwaye lunomda wokukhupha amandla ombane ophakathi kwe-1°C kunye ne-2°C. Nangona kunjalo, xa kutshajwa ngokukhawuleza, ezinye zihlala zifudumala kancinci.

Inyani yokuba iibhetri ze-lithium ion ziyawohloka ngokuhamba kwexesha yenye yezona ngxaki ziphambili zokuzisebenzisa kwizixhobo zabathengi. Oku kuxhomekeke kwixesha okanye kwikhalenda, kodwa kukwaxhomekeke ekubeni zingaphi iiraundi zokukhupha itshaja ibhetri ezidlule kuzo. Rhoqo, iibhetri zinokunyamezela imijikelo yokukhupha itshaja engama-500 ukuya kwi-1000 ngaphambi kokuba umthamo wazo uqale ukwehla. Eli nani liyanda njengoko ubuchwepheshe be-lithium-ion buhambela phambili, kodwa ukuba iibhetri zakhelwe kumatshini, zinokufuna ukutshintshwa emva kwexesha elithile.

Ungakhetha njani phakathi kweebhetri zeLiFePO4 kunye neLithium-ion?

I-lithium iron phosphate (I-LiFePO4Iibhetri zineengenelo ezininzi xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri ze-lithium-ion. Ukuphuculwa kokukhupha kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwetshaja, ixesha elide lokuphila, akukho kugcinwa, ukhuseleko olugqithisileyo, kunye nokukhanya okuncinci, ukukhankanya ezimbalwa. Nangona iibhetri zeLiFePO4 zingezinye zezona zingabizi kakhulu kwimarike, zezona zibalulekileyo kutyalo-mali lwexesha elide ngenxa yobomi bazo obude kunye nokungabikho kokugcinwa.

Kubunzulu obungama-80 ekhulwini bokukhupha, iibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate zinokutshajwa kwakhona ukuya kuthi ga kwizihlandlo ezingama-5000 ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza kakuhle. Ubomi bokusebenza kweebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) bunokwandiswa ngaphandle kokwenza nantoni na.

Ukongeza, iibhetri azinazo iziphumo zememori, kwaye ungazigcina ixesha elide ngenxa yesantya sazo esiphantsi sokuzikhupha (3% ngenyanga). Kufuneka unonophelo olukhethekileyo kwiibhetri ze-lithium-ion. Ukuba akunjalo, ixesha lokuphila kwazo liya kuncipha ngakumbi.

Umthamo wetshaja we-100% weebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) ungasetyenziswa. Zikwalungele ukusetyenziswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ngenxa yamanqanaba azo okutshaja ngokukhawuleza kunye namazinga okukhupha. Ukusebenza kakuhle kuyandiswa, kwaye naluphi na ulibaziseko luyancitshiswa ngokutshaja ngokukhawuleza. Amandla aziswa ngokukhawuleza ngemijikelezo ye-pulse ekhuphayo ephezulu.

Isisombululo

Umbane welanga uye wahlala ukho kwimarike kuba iibhetri zisebenza kakuhle kakhulu. Kukhuselekile ukuthi isisombululo sokugcina amandla esingcono siya kukhokelela kuphela kwindawo ecocekileyo, ekhuselekileyo, nexabisekileyo. Izixhobo zamandla elanga zinokuzuza kakhulu ngokusebenzisa iibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate kunye ne-lithium-ion.

Nangona kunjalo,I-LiFePO4Iibhetri zinezibonelelo ezingaphezulu kubathengi nakubathengisi. Ukutyala imali kwizikhululo zamandla eziphathwayo ngeebhetri zeLiFePO4 lukhetho oluhle kakhulu ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okuphezulu, ixesha elide lokuhlala, kunye nemiphumo enciphileyo kwindalo esingqongileyo.