Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zeiibhetri ze-lithium-ion(i-li-ion): iiseli zecylindrical, iiseli zeprismatic, kunye neeseli zesingxobo.Kwishishini le-EV, olona phuhliso luthembisayo lujikeleza iiseli ze-cylindrical kunye neeprismatic.Ngelixa ifomathi yebhetri yecylindrical iyeyona idumileyo kwiminyaka yakutshanje, izinto ezininzi zibonisa ukuba iiseli zeprismatic zinokuthatha indawo.

Zintoni iiIiseli zePrismatic

Aiseli yeprismaticyiseli enekhemistry evalelwe kwicasing eqinileyo.Ubume bayo obuxande buvumela ngokufanelekileyo ukupakisha iiyunithi ezininzi kwimodyuli yebhetri.Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeeseli ze-prismatic: ii-electrode sheets ngaphakathi kwe-casing (i-anode, i-separator, i-cathode) ifakwe okanye igoqwe kwaye ifakwe.

Ngomthamo ofanayo, iiseli zeprismatic ezipakishweyo zinokukhupha amandla amaninzi ngexesha elinye, zibonelela ngokusebenza ngcono, ngelixa iiseli zeprismatic ezithe tyaba ziqulethe amandla amaninzi, zinika ukuqina ngakumbi.

Iiseli zePrismatic zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkqubo zokugcina amandla kunye nezithuthi zombane.Ubungakanani babo obukhulu bubenza babe ngabaviwa abangalunganga kwizixhobo ezincinci ezifana nee-e-bikes kunye neeselfowuni.Ke ngoko, zifaneleke ngakumbi kwizicelo ezisebenza ngamandla.

Ziziphi iiseli ze-Cylindrical

Aiseli cylindricalyiseli evalelwe kwitoti yesilinda eqinile.Iiseli ze-Cylindrical zincinci kwaye zingqukuva, okwenza kube lula ukupakisha kwizixhobo zabo bonke ubukhulu.Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iifomati zebhetri, imilo yazo ithintela ukudumba, into engafunekiyo kwiibhetri apho iigesi ziqokelelana kwi-casing.

Iiseli zeCylindrical zaqala ukusetyenziswa kwiilaptops, eziqulathe phakathi kweeseli ezintathu ukuya kwezilithoba.Emva koko bafumana ukuthandwa xa uTesla ebasebenzisa kwiimoto zakhe zokuqala zombane (i-Roadster kunye neModel S), equlethwe phakathi kwe-6,000 kunye ne-9,000 iiseli.

Iiseli ze-Cylindrical zikwasetyenziswa kwii-e-bikes, izixhobo zonyango, kunye neesathelayithi.Zikwabalulekile ekuhloleni isibhakabhaka ngenxa yokumila kwazo;ezinye iifomati zeeseli zinokukhutshazwa luxinzelelo lomoya.IRover yokugqibela ethunyelwe kuMars, umzekelo, isebenza kusetyenziswa iiseli ezisilinda.Iimoto zomdyarho zombane zeFormula E ezisebenza kakhulu zisebenzisa iiseli ezifanayo kanye nerover kwibhetri yazo.

Iiyantlukwano eziphambili phakathi kwePrismatic kunye neCylindrical Cells

Ubume ayisiyiyo kuphela into eyahlula iiseli zeprismatic kunye necylindrical.Ezinye iiyantlukwano ezibalulekileyo ziquka ubungakanani bazo, inani loqhagamshelo lombane, kunye nemveliso yabo yamandla.

Ubungakanani

Iiseli zePrismatic zikhulu kakhulu kuneeseli zecylindrical kwaye ngenxa yoko ziqulathe amandla amaninzi kwiseli nganye.Ukunika umbono ongqongqo womahluko, iseli enye yeprismatic inokuqulatha umlinganiselo wamandla olingana neeseli zecylindrical ezingama-20 ukuya kwezili-100.Ubungakanani obuncinci beeseli zecylindrical kuthetha ukuba zingasetyenziselwa izicelo ezifuna amandla amancinci.Ngenxa yoko, zisetyenziselwa uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo.

Uqhagamshelwano

Ngenxa yokuba iiseli zeprismatic zikhulu kuneeseli ze-cylindrical, iiseli ezimbalwa ziyafuneka ukufezekisa umlinganiselo ofanayo wamandla.Oku kuthetha ukuba kumthamo ofanayo, iibhetri ezisebenzisa iiseli zeprismatic zinonxibelelwano oluncinci lombane olufuna ukudityaniswa.Olu luncedo olukhulu kwiiseli zeprismatic kuba kukho amathuba ambalwa okwenza iziphene.

Amandla

Iiseli ze-cylindrical zinokugcina amandla amancinci kuneeseli zeprismatic, kodwa zinamandla amaninzi.Oku kuthetha ukuba iiseli ze-cylindrical zinokukhupha amandla abo ngokukhawuleza kuneeseli zeprismatic.Isizathu kukuba banonxibelelwano oluninzi ngeyure nganye (Ah).Ngenxa yoko, iiseli ze-cylindrical zilungele usetyenziso oluphezulu ngelixa iiseli zeprismatic zifanelekile ukunyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla.

Umzekelo wosetyenziso lwebhetri olusebenza kakhulu lubandakanya iimoto zomdyarho zeFomula E kunye nenqwelomoya ye-Ingenuity kuMars.Zombini zifuna ukusebenza okugqithisileyo kwiindawo eziphakamileyo.

Kutheni iiseli zePrismatic zinokuthi zithathe indawo

Ishishini le-EV livela ngokukhawuleza, kwaye akuqinisekanga ukuba iiseli zeprismatic okanye iiseli zecylindrical ziyakoyisa.Okwangoku, iiseli ze-cylindrical zixhaphake kakhulu kwishishini le-EV, kodwa kukho izizathu zokucinga ukuba iiseli zeprismatic ziya kuzuza ekuthandeni.

Okokuqala, iiseli zeprismatic zinika ithuba lokuqhuba iindleko ngokunciphisa inani lamanyathelo okuvelisa.Ifomathi yabo yenza kube lula ukuvelisa iiseli ezinkulu, ezinciphisa inani lokudityaniswa kombane ekufuneka licocwe kwaye lifakwe.

Iibhetri zePrismatic nazo ziyifomati efanelekileyo yekhemistri ye-lithium-iron phosphate (LFP), umxube wezinto ezingabizi kwaye zifikeleleke.Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iikhemistri, iibhetri zeLFP zisebenzisa izixhobo ezikuyo yonke indawo emhlabeni.Abafuni izinto ezinqabileyo kunye nexabiso eliphezulu njenge-nickel kunye ne-cobalt eziqhuba iindleko zezinye iintlobo zeeseli ukuya phezulu.

Kukho imiqondiso enamandla yokuba iiseli ze-LFP zeprismatic ziyavela.E-Asia, abavelisi be-EV sele besebenzisa iibhetri ze-LiFePO4, uhlobo lwebhetri ye-LFP kwifomathi yeprismatic.UTesla uphinde wathi sele eqalisile ukusebenzisa iibhetri zeprismatic ezenziwe eTshayina kwiinguqulelo ezisemgangathweni zeemoto zakhe.

Ikhemistri ye-LFP ineentsilelo ezibalulekileyo, nangona kunjalo.Okokuqala, iqulethe amandla amancinci kunezinye iikhemistri ezisetyenziswayo ngoku kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ayinakusetyenziselwa izithuthi ezisebenza kakhulu njengeemoto zombane zeFormula 1.Ukongeza, iinkqubo zolawulo lwebhetri (BMS) zinobunzima bokuqikelela inqanaba lokutshaja kwebhetri.

Ungayibukela le vidiyo ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga neLFPchemistry kwaye kutheni ifumana ukuthandwa.