Iibhetri zesikuta soMbane
Ibhetri “yitanki yamafutha” yesithuthuthu sakho sombane.Igcina amandla asetyenziswa yi-DC motor, izibane, isilawuli, kunye nezinye izincedisi.

Uninzi lwee-scooters zombane ziya kuba nohlobo oluthile lwepakethi yebhetri ye-lithium ion ngenxa yobuninzi bamandla kunye nobomi obude.Uninzi lwee-scooters zombane zabantwana kunye nezinye iimodeli ezingabizi ziqulethe iibhetri ze-lead-acid.Kwisithuthuthu, ipakethi yebhetri yenziwe ngeeseli ezizimeleyo kunye nee-elektroniki ezibizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri eyigcina isebenza ngokukhuselekileyo.
Iipakethi ezinkulu zebhetri zinomthamo othe kratya, zilinganiswa ngeeyure ze-watt, kwaye ziyakuvumela isikuta sombane sihambe ngakumbi.Nangona kunjalo, banyusa ubungakanani kunye nobunzima be-scooter - beyenza ukuba iphatheke kancinci.Ukongeza, iibhetri yenye yezona zinto zixabisa kakhulu isikuta kwaye ixabiso lilonke linyuka ngokufanelekileyo.

Iintlobo zeebhetri
Iipakethi zebhetri ze-E-scooter zenziwe ngeeseli ezininzi zebhetri.Ngokukodwa, zenziwe ngeeseli ze-18650, ulwahlulo lobungakanani beebhetri ze-lithium ion (Li-Ion) kunye ne-18 mm x 65 mm ye-cylindrical dimensions.

Iseli nganye ka-18650 kwipakethi yebhetri ayinamtsalane ngokufanelekileyo — ivelisa amandla ombane ayi ~ 3.6 volts (igama eliqhelekileyo) kwaye inomthamo omalunga ne-2.6 amp iiyure (2.6 A·h) okanye malunga ne-9.4 watt-yure (9.4 Wh).

Iiseli zebhetri zisebenza ukusuka kwi-3.0 volts (i-0% intlawulo) ukuya kwi-4.2 volts (i-100% intlawulo).

I-Lithium ion
Iibhetri ze-Li-Ion zinokuxinwa kwamandla okugqwesileyo, isixa samandla agcinwe ngokobunzima bazo bomzimba.Bakwanobomi obude obubalaseleyo obuthetha ukuba banokukhutshwa kwaye batshajwe kwakhona okanye "bakhwele ibhayisekile" amaxesha amaninzi kwaye bagcine umthamo wabo wokugcina.

I-Li-ion eneneni ibhekisa kwiikhemistri ezininzi zebhetri ezibandakanya i-lithium ion.Nalu uluhlu olufutshane apha ngezantsi:

I-lithium manganese oxide (LiMn2O4);aka: IMR, LMO, Li-manganese
Ilithium manganese nickel (LiNiMnCoO2);aka INR, NMC
I-Lithium nickel cobalt i-aluminium oxide (LiNiCoAlO2);aka NCA, Li-aluminiyam
ILithium nickel cobalt oxide (LiCoO2);okanye NCO
I-lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2);aka ICR, LCO, Li-cobalt
I-Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4);aka IFR, LFP, Li-phosphate
Nganye kwezi khemistri zebhetri imele urhwebo phakathi kokhuseleko, ubomi obude, umthamo, kunye nemveliso yangoku.

I-Lithium Manganese (INR, NMC)
Ngethamsanqa, uninzi lwee-scooters zombane ezisemgangathweni zisebenzisa i-INR yebhetri yekhemistri - enye yezona khemistri zikhuselekileyo.Le bhetri inika umthamo ophezulu kunye nemveliso yangoku.Ubukho be-manganese bunciphisa ukuchasana kwangaphakathi kwebhetri, ukuvumela imveliso yangoku ephezulu ngelixa igcina amaqondo obushushu aphantsi.Ngenxa yoko, oku kunciphisa amathuba okubaleka kwe-thermal kunye nomlilo.

Ezinye ii-scooters zombane ezine-INR chemistry ziquka i-WePed GT 50e kunye neemodeli ze-Dualtron.

Lead-asidi
I-Lead-asidi yikhemistri yebhetri endala kakhulu edla ngokufumaneka kwiimoto kunye nezinye izithuthi zombane ezinkulu, njengeenqwelo zegalufa.Zikwafumaneka kwezinye ii-scooters zombane;okona kubalulekileyo, ii-scooters zabantwana ezingabizi kakhulu ezivela kwiinkampani ezinjengeRazor.

Iibhetri ze-lead-asidi zinenzuzo yokungabizi, kodwa zithwaxwa kukuxinana kwamandla asezantsi, okuthetha ukuba banobunzima obuninzi xa kuthelekiswa nomthamo wamandla eziwagcinayo.Ngokuthelekisa, iibhetri ze-Li-ion zine-10X yobuninzi bamandla xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri ze-lead-acid.

Ibhetri Packs
Ukwakha ipakethe yebhetri kunye namakhulu okanye amawaka eeyure zewatt amandla, iiseli ezininzi ze-18650 zeLi-ion zihlanganiswe kunye zibe yisakhiwo esifana nezitena.Ipakethi yebhetri efana nezitena ibekwe esweni kwaye ilawulwa yisekethe yombane ebizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yokulawula ibhetri (BMS), elawula ukuhamba kombane ukungena nokuphuma ebhetri.
Iiseli zomntu ngamnye kwipakethi yebhetri ziqhagamshelwe kuthotho (ekupheleni ukuya esiphelweni) ezihlanganisa amandla azo.Le yindlela enokwenzeka ngayo ukuba nee-scooters ezine-36 V, 48 V, 52 V, 60 V, okanye iipakethi zebhetri ezinkulu.

Ezi ntambo zomntu ngamnye (iibhetri ezininzi kwi-series) zidibene ngokuhambelanayo ukwandisa imveliso yangoku.

Ngokulungelelanisa inani leeseli kuthotho kunye nokuhambelana, abavelisi be-scooter yombane banokonyusa amandla ombane ophumayo okanye umthamo wangoku kunye neyure ye-amp.

Ukutshintsha ubumbeko bebhetri akuyi kwandisa amandla ewonke agciniweyo, kodwa kuvumela ngokufanelekileyo ibhetri ukuba ibonelele ngoluhlu oluthe kratya kunye nombane ophantsi kwaye ngokuphambeneyo.

I-Voltge kunye ne-% eseleyo
Iseli nganye kwipakethi yebhetri isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukusuka kwi-3.0 volts (i-0% intlawulo) yonke indlela ukuya kwi-4.2 volts (i-100% intlawulo).

Oku kuthetha ukuba ibhetri ye-36 V, (kunye neebhetri ze-10 kwichungechunge) iqhutywe kwi-30 V (i-0% intlawulo) ukuya kwi-42 volts (i-100% intlawulo).Uyakwazi ukubona ukuba i-% eseleyo ihambelana njani nombane webhetri (ezinye ii-scooters zibonisa oku ngokuthe ngqo) kulo lonke uhlobo lwebhetri kwitshathi yethu yombane webhetri.

I-Voltage Sag
Yonke ibhetri iya kubandezeleka ngenxa yento ebizwa ngokuba yi-voltage sag.

I-Voltage sag ibangelwa yimiphumo emininzi, kuquka i-lithium-ion chemistry, ubushushu, kunye nokumelana nombane.Ihlala iphumela ekuziphatheni okungahambelaniyo kombane webhetri.

Ngokukhawuleza ukuba umthwalo usetyenziswe kwibhetri, i-voltage iya kuhla ngokukhawuleza.Esi siphumo sinokukhokelela ekuthelekeleleni ngokungalunganga umthamo webhetri.Ukuba ubufunda ngokuthe ngqo amandla ombane ebhetri, ungacinga ukuba ulahlekelwe ngoko nangoko nge-10% yomthamo wakho okanye ngaphezulu.

Emva kokuba umthwalo ususiwe amandla ombane webhetri uya kubuyela kwinqanaba lokwenyani.

Ukuwohloka kwe-voltage kwenzeka ngexesha lokukhupha ibhetri ixesha elide (njengexesha lohambo olude).Ikhemistri ye-lithium kwibhetri ithatha ixesha elithile ukuze ibambe izinga lokukhutshwa.Oku kunokubangela ukuba amandla ombane ebhetri ehle ngokukhawuleza ngakumbi ngexesha lokuphela komsila wohambo olude.

Ukuba ibhetri ivunyelwe ukuba iphumle, iya kubuyela kwinqanaba lombane lokwenyani nelichanekileyo.

Amanqaku oMmandla
Umthamo webhetri ye-e-scooter uthelekelelwa kwiiyunithi zewatt iiyure (isifinyezo Wh), umlinganiselo wamandla.Le yunithi kulula ukuyiqonda.Umzekelo, ibhetri enomlinganiselo we-1 Wh igcina amandla awoneleyo ukunika iwathi enye yamandla ngeyure enye.

Umthamo wamandla othe kratya uthetha iiyure ze-watt eziphezulu zebhetri nto leyo eguqulela kuluhlu olude lwesithuthuthu sombane, kwisayizi yemoto enikiweyo.I-avareji ye-scooter iya kuba nomthamo ojikeleze i-250 Wh kwaye ikwazi ukuhamba malunga neemayile ezili-10 kumyinge weemayile ezili-15 ngeyure.Izithukuthuku ezisebenza ngokugqithisileyo zinokuba nomthamo ofikelela kumawaka eeyure ze-watt kunye noluhlu oluya kuthi ga kwiimayile ezingama-60.

Iimpawu zebhetri
Iiseli ze-Li-ion zomntu ngamnye kwi-e-scooter yebhetri ye-e-scooter zenziwe ziinkampani ezimbalwa ezahlukeneyo ezaziwayo kumazwe ngamazwe.Iiseli ezikumgangatho ophezulu zenziwe yi-LG, Samsung, Panasonic, kunye neSanyo.Ezi ntlobo zeeseli zikholisa ukufumaneka kuphela kwiipakethi zeebhetri zee-scooters eziphezulu.

Uninzi lohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kunye nezithuthuthu zombane zabahambi zineepakethi zebhetri ezenziwe kwiiseli ezenziwe zamayeza eTshayina, ezohluka kakhulu kumgangatho.

Umahluko phakathi kwee-scooters ezine-brand cell kunye ne-generic yaseTshayina sisiqinisekiso esikhulu solawulo lomgangatho kunye neebrendi ezisekiweyo.Ukuba oko akukho kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwakho, ke qiniseka ukuba uthenga i-scooter kumenzi ohloniphekileyo osebenzisa iindawo ezisemgangathweni kwaye unemilinganiselo yokulawula umgangatho omhle (QC) endaweni.

Eminye imizekelo yeenkampani ezinokuthi zibe ne-QC elungileyo yi-Xiaomi kunye ne-Segway.

Inkqubo yoLawulo lwebhetri
Nangona iiseli ze-Li-ion 18650 zineenzuzo ezimangalisayo, azixoleli kangako kunezinye iitekhnoloji zebhetri kwaye zinokugqabhuka ukuba zisetyenziswe ngokungafanelekanga.Kungenxa yesi sizathu ukuba ziphantse zihlale zidityaniswe kwiipakethi zebhetri ezinenkqubo yokulawula ibhetri.

Inkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri (BMS) licandelo lombane elibeka iliso kwipakethi yebhetri kwaye ilawule ukutshaja nokukhupha.Iibhetri ze-Li-ion zenzelwe ukusebenza phakathi kwe-2.5 ukuya kwi-4.0 V. Ukutshaja ngokugqithiseleyo okanye ukukhupha ngokupheleleyo kunokunciphisa ubomi bebhetri okanye kubangele iimeko ezinobungozi zokubaleka kwe-thermal.I-BMS kufuneka ithintele ukutshaja kakhulu.Uninzi lwe-BMS lukwasika amandla phambi kokuba ibhetri ikhutshwe ngokupheleleyo ukuze kwandiswe ubomi.Ngaphandle koku, abakhweli abaninzi basabasana iibhetri zabo ngokungaze bazikhuphe ngokupheleleyo kwaye basebenzise iitshaja ezikhethekileyo ukulawula isantya sokutshaja kunye nesixa.

Iisistim eziphucukileyo zolawulo lwebhetri nazo ziya kubeka iliso kwiqondo lobushushu bepakethi kwaye ziqalise ukusikwa ukuba kushushu kakhulu.

C-inqanaba
Ukuba wenza uphando malunga nokutshaja ibhetri, ungadibana ne-C-reyithi.I-C-rate ichaza ukuba ibhetri itshajwe okanye itshajwe ngokukhawuleza kangakanani.Umzekelo, i-C-rate ye-1C ithetha ukuba ibhetri ihlawuliswe ngeyure enye, i-2C iya kuthetha ukuba itshajiswe ngokupheleleyo kwiiyure ze-0.5, kwaye i-0.5C iya kuthetha ukuba itshajwe ngokupheleleyo kwiiyure ezimbini.Ukuba uyitshaje ngokupheleleyo i-100 A·h yebhetri usebenzisa i-100 A yangoku, ingathatha iyure enye kwaye i-C-rate iyakuba yi-1C.

Ubomi Bebhetri
Ibhetri ye-Li-ion eqhelekileyo iya kukwazi ukuphatha i-300 ukuya kwi-500 yokuhlawula / ukukhupha imijikelezo ngaphambi kokunciphisa umthamo.Kwi-avareji yesikuta sombane, le yi-3000 ukuya kwi-10 000 yeemayile!Gcina ukhumbula ukuba "ukuncipha kwisikhundla" akuthethi "ukuphulukana nawo onke amandla," kodwa kuthetha ukuhla okubonakalayo kwe-10 ukuya kwi-20% okuya kuqhubeka nokuba mbi.

Iinkqubo zale mihla zolawulo lwebhetri zinceda ekwandiseni ubomi bebhetri kwaye akufuneki ukhathazeke kakhulu malunga nokuyenza umntwana.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uzimisele ukolula ubomi bebhetri kangangoko, kukho ezinye izinto onokuzenza ukuze udlule kwimijikelo engama-500.Ezi ziquka:

Sukusigcina isikuta sakho sigcwaliswe ngokupheleleyo okanye itshaja iplagiwe ixesha elide.
Musa ukugcina isithuthuthu sombane sikhutshwe ngokupheleleyo.Iibhetri ze-Li-ion zithobisa xa zihla ngaphantsi kwe-2.5 V. Uninzi lwabavelisi bacebisa ukuba bagcine ii-scooters nge-50% ehlawulisiweyo, kwaye baphakamise ukuya kweli nqanaba ngamaxesha athile ukwenzela ukugcina ixesha elide kakhulu.
Musa ukusebenzisa ibhetri yesikuta kumaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwe-32 F° okanye ngaphezulu kwe-113 F°.
Tshaja isikuta sakho ngesantya esisezantsi se-C, okuthetha ukuba tshaja ibhetri ngesantya esisezantsi xa sithelekisa nomthamo wayo omkhulu wokugcina/ukuphucula ubomi bebhetri.Ukutshaja nge-C-reyithi phakathi kwangaphantsi kwe-1 yeyona nto ilungileyo.Ezinye zeetshaja zefancier okanye isantya esiphezulu zikuvumela ukuba ulawule oku.
Funda ngakumbi malunga nendlela yokutshaja isithuthuthu sombane.

Isishwankathelo

Eyona nto ithathwayo apha kukuba ungayisebenzisi kakubi ibhetri kwaye iya kuhlala ubomi obuluncedo be-scooter.Siva kuzo zonke iintlobo zabantu malunga nee-scooters zabo zombane ezaphukileyo kwaye kunqabile ukuba kube yingxaki yebhetri!