Iibhetri zeLithium-ion zikuso sonke isixhobo osiphetheyo.Ukusuka kwii-smartphones ukuya kwiimoto zombane, ezi bhetri zitshintshile ihlabathi.Nangona kunjalo, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zinoluhlu olukhulu lweengxaki ezenza i-lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) ibe yinto engcono kakhulu.

Zahluke njani iibhetri zeLiFePO4?

Ukuthetha ngokuthe ngqo, iibhetri zeLiFePO4 nazo ziibhetri ze-lithium-ion.Kukho iinguqu ezininzi ezahlukeneyo kwiikhemistri zebhetri ze-lithium, kwaye iibhetri ze-LiFePO4 zisebenzisa i-lithium iron phosphate njengezinto ze-cathode (icala elibi) kunye ne-graphite carbon electrode njenge-anode (icala elihle).

Iibhetri ze-LiFePO4 zinezona ntlobo zebhetri ze-lithium-ion zisezantsi, ngoko ke azinqweneleki kwizixhobo ezixineneyo njengee-smartphones.Nangona kunjalo, olu rhwebo lokuxinana kwamandla luza neengenelo ezimbalwa ezicocekileyo.

Izinto eziluncedo kwiibhetri zeLiFePO4

Enye yezinto ezingalunganga eziphambili kwiibhetri ze-lithium-ion eziqhelekileyo kukuba ziqala ukuguga emva kwamakhulu ambalwa emijikelezo yentlawulo.Yiyo loo nto ifowuni yakho iphulukana nomthamo wayo ophakamileyo emva kweminyaka emibini okanye emithathu.

Iibhetri zeLiFePO4 zibonelela ngobuncinci kwimijikelo yentlawulo egcweleyo engama-3000 phambi kokuba ziqale ukuphulukana namandla.Iibhetri zomgangatho ongcono ezisebenza phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo zinokudlula imijikelo ye-10,000.Ezi bhetri zinexabiso eliphantsi kuneebhetri ze-lithium-ion polymer, ezifana nezo zifumaneka kwiifowuni kunye neelaptops.

Xa kuthelekiswa nohlobo oluqhelekileyo lwebhetri ye-lithium, i-nickel manganese cobalt (NMC) lithium, iibhetri zeLiFePO4 zinexabiso eliphantsi kancinci.Idityaniswe nobomi okongeziweyo be-LiFePO4, zibiza kakhulu kunezinye iindlela.

Ukongeza, iibhetri zeLiFePO4 azinayo i-nickel okanye i-cobalt kuzo.Zombini ezi mathiriyeli zinqabile kwaye ziyabiza, kwaye kukho imiba yendalo esingqongileyo kunye nenqobo esesikweni malunga nokumbiwa kwazo.Oku kwenza iibhetri ze-LiFePO4 zibe luhlobo lwebhetri eluhlaza kunye nongquzulwano oluncinci olunxulumene nezinto zabo.

Inzuzo yokugqibela enkulu yezi bhetri kukhuseleko lwazo lokuthelekisa nezinye iikhemistri zebhetri ye-lithium.Ngokungathandabuzekiyo ufundile malunga nemililo yebhetri ye-lithium kwizixhobo ezinjengee-smartphones kunye neebhodi zebhalansi.

Iibhetri zeLiFePO4 zizinzile ngakumbi kunezinye iintlobo zebhetri ye-lithium.Kunzima ukuvutha, ukuphatha ngcono amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kwaye angaboli njengezinye iikhemistri ze-lithium zikholisa ukwenza.

Kutheni le nto sibona ezi bhetri ngoku?

Umbono weebhetri zeLiFePO4 zapapashwa okokuqala ngo-1996, kodwa akuzange kube ngowama-2003 apho ezi bhetri ziye zasebenza ngokwenene, ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwee-carbon nanotubes.Ukusukela ngoko, kuthathe ixesha ukuba imveliso yobuninzi inyuke, iindleko zikwazi ukukhuphisana, kunye nezona meko zilungileyo zokusebenzisa ezi bhetri ukuba zicace.

Sekuphele iminyaka yoo-2010 kunye nasekuqaleni koo-2020 apho iimveliso zorhwebo ezinetekhnoloji ye-LiFePO4 ziye zafumaneka kwiishelufu nakwiindawo ezinjengeAmazon.

Linini Ukuqwalasela iLiFePO4

Ngenxa yoxinano lwamandla asezantsi, iibhetri ze-LiFePO4 ayilona khetho lufanelekileyo kwitekhnoloji ethambileyo kunye nokukhanya okuphathekayo.Ke awuzukuzibona kwii-smartphones, iitafile, okanye iilaptops.Ubuncinci okwangoku.

Nangona kunjalo, xa uthetha malunga nezixhobo akufuneki uziphathe nawe, oko kuxinana kusezantsi ngequbuliso kubaluleke kakhulu.Ukuba ujonge ukuthenga i-UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) ukuze ugcine umzila wakho okanye indawo yokusebenza ivuliwe ngexesha lokuphela kombane, iLiFePO4 lukhetho olukhulu.

Ngapha koko, i-LiFePO4 iqala ukuba lukhetho olukhethwayo lwezicelo apho iibhetri ze-asidi ekhokelayo ezifana nezo sizisebenzisa ezimotweni ngokwesiko ibe lolona khetho lungcono.Oko kubandakanya ugcino lwamandla elanga asekhaya okanye igrid-ebotshelelwe ukugcina amandla.Iibhetri ze-asidi yelothe zinzima, zincinci amandla axineneyo, zinobomi obufutshane kakhulu, zinetyhefu, kwaye azikwazi kujongana nokuphindaphinda ukukhutshwa okunzulu ngaphandle kokuthotywa.

Xa uthenga izixhobo ezisebenza ngamandla elanga njengokukhanya kwelanga, kwaye unokhetho lokusebenzisa i-LiFePO4, isoloko ilukhetho oluchanekileyo.Isixhobo sinokusebenza iminyaka ngaphandle kokufuna ukulungiswa.