Iibhetri zeLithium-ion zifumaneka phantse kuzo zonke izixhobo onazo. Ukususela kwiifowuni eziphathwayo ukuya kwiimoto zombane, ezi bhetri zitshintshe ihlabathi. Sekunjalo, iibhetri zeLithium-ion zinoluhlu olukhulu lweengxaki ezenza i-lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) ibe lolona khetho lungcono.

Iibhetri zeLiFePO4 zahluke njani?

Ngokwenyani, iibhetri zeLiFePO4 zikwayibhetri ye-lithium-ion. Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo kwiikhemikhali zebhetri yelithium, kwaye iibhetri zeLiFePO4 zisebenzisa i-lithium iron phosphate njengezinto ze-cathode (icala elingalunganga) kunye ne-graphite carbon electrode njenge-anode (icala elihle).

Iibhetri zeLiFePO4 zinobunzima obuphantsi kakhulu kwiintlobo zeebhetri zelithium-ion zangoku, ngoko ke azifuneki kwizixhobo ezixinzelelweyo njengeefowuni. Nangona kunjalo, olu tshintsho lobunzima bamandla luza neenzuzo ezimbalwa ezintle.

Iingenelo zeebhetri zeLiFePO4

Enye yezona zinto zingalunganga ngeebhetri ze-lithium-ion eziqhelekileyo kukuba ziqala ukuguga emva kwemijikelo yokutshaja engamakhulu ambalwa. Yiyo loo nto ifowuni yakho ilahlekelwa ngamandla ayo aphezulu emva kweminyaka emibini okanye emithathu.

Iibhetri zeLiFePO4 zihlala zibonelela ubuncinane ngemijikelo yokutshaja epheleleyo engama-3000 ngaphambi kokuba ziqale ukulahlekelwa ngumthamo wazo. Iibhetri ezisemgangathweni ophezulu ezisebenza phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo zinokudlula imijikelo eli-10,000. Ezi bhetri zikwabiza kancinci kuneebhetri ze-polymer ze-lithium-ion, ezifana nezo zifumaneka kwiifowuni nakwiilaptop.

Xa kuthelekiswa nohlobo oluqhelekileyo lwebhetri ye-lithium, i-nickel manganese cobalt (NMC) lithium, iibhetri zeLiFePO4 zinexabiso eliphantsi kancinci. Xa zidityaniswe nobomi obongezelelekileyo beLiFePO4, zixabiso eliphantsi kakhulu kunezinye iindlela.

Ukongeza, iibhetri zeLiFePO4 azinazo i-nickel okanye i-cobalt kuzo. Zombini ezi zinto zinqabile kwaye zibiza kakhulu, kwaye kukho imiba yokusingqongileyo kunye neyokuziphatha malunga nokumbiwa kwazo. Oku kwenza iibhetri zeLiFePO4 zibe luhlobo lwebhetri eluhlaza kwaye azinangxabano ingako nezinto zazo.

Inzuzo enkulu yokugqibela yezi bhetri kukhuseleko lwazo xa zithelekiswa nezinye iikhemikhali zebhetri ye-lithium. Ngokungathandabuzekiyo ufunde ngemililo yebhetri ye-lithium kwizixhobo ezifana neefowuni eziphathwayo kunye neebhodi zokulinganisela.

Iibhetri zeLiFePO4 zizinzile kakhulu kunezinye iintlobo zeebhetri zelithium. Zinzima ukuzitshisa, zikwazi ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kwaye aziboli njengoko ezinye iikhemistri zelithium zidla ngokwenza.

Kutheni Sibona Ezi Bhetri Ngoku?

Ingcamango yeebhetri zeLiFePO4 yapapashwa okokuqala ngo-1996, kodwa ayizange ifikelele ku-2003 apho ezi bhetri zaqala ukusebenza ngokwenene, ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kweetyhubhu zekhabhoni. Ukusukela ngoko, kuthathe ixesha elithile ukuba imveliso yobuninzi inyuke, iindleko zikwazi ukukhuphisana, kwaye iimeko ezilungileyo zokusetyenziswa kwezi bhetri zicace.

Kuphela ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-2010 nasekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-2020 apho iimveliso zorhwebo ezibonisa ubuchwepheshe beLiFePO4 zifumaneka kwiishelufu nakwiiwebhusayithi ezifana neAmazon.

Ixesha lokuqwalasela iLiFePO4

Ngenxa yokuba amandla azo aphantsi, iibhetri zeLiFePO4 azilulo ukhetho oluhle kwitekhnoloji ethambileyo nelula. Ngoko awuyi kuzibona kwiifowuni eziphathwayo, iitablethi, okanye iilaptop. Ubuncinane okwangoku.

Nangona kunjalo, xa uthetha ngezixhobo ongaziphathiyo, loo xinano iphantsi ayibalulekanga kangako. Ukuba ujonge ukuthenga i-UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) ukuze i-router okanye i-workstation yakho ihlale ivuliwe ngexesha lokucima kombane, i-LiFePO4 lukhetho oluhle.

Enyanisweni, iLiFePO4 iqala ukuba lukhetho olukhethwayo kwizicelo apho iibhetri ze-lead acid ezifana nezo sizisebenzisa ezimotweni bezisoloko zilukhetho olungcono. Oko kuquka ukugcinwa kwamandla elanga ekhaya okanye ii-backups zamandla ezibotshelelwe kwigridi. Iibhetri ze-lead acid zinzima, azinawo amandla amaninzi, zihlala ixesha elifutshane, zinobungozi, kwaye azikwazi ukumelana nokukhupha amanzi anzulu ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngaphandle kokuwohloka.

Xa uthenga izixhobo ezisebenzisa amandla elanga ezifana nokukhanya kwelanga, kwaye unenketho yokusebenzisa iLiFePO4, phantse lukhetho olufanelekileyo rhoqo. Esi sixhobo sinokusebenza iminyaka emininzi ngaphandle kokufuna ukulungiswa.