Ukwakhiwa kweibhetri ye-lithium

Ukwakheka kwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kwiibhetri ze-lithium kubandakanya ikakhulu izinto ze-electrode ezilungileyo, izinto ze-electrode ezimbi, izahluli, ii-electrolytes, kunye nee-casings.

1. Phakathi kwezinto ze-electrode ezilungileyo, izinto ezisetyenziswa kakhulu yi-lithium cobalt, i-lithium manganate, i-lithium iron phosphate kunye nezinto ze-ternary (ii-polymers ze-nickel, i-cobalt kunye ne-manganese). Izinto ze-electrode ezilungileyo zibalwa kwinxalenye enkulu (umlinganiselo wobunzima bezinto ze-electrode ezilungileyo nezingalunganga yi-3:1~4:1), kuba ukusebenza kwezinto ze-electrode ezilungileyo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwebhetri ye-lithium-ion, kwaye ixabiso layo likwamisela ngokuthe ngqo ixabiso lebhetri.
2. Phakathi kwezinto ze-electrode ezingalunganga, i-graphite yendalo kunye ne-graphite yokwenziwa okwangoku zezona zinto ziphambili ze-electrode ezingalunganga. Izinto ze-anode ezihlolwayo ziquka i-nitrides, i-polyaspartic acid, ii-oxides ezisekwe kwi-tin, ii-tin alloys, izinto ze-nano-anode, kunye nezinye izinto ze-intermetallic. Njengenye yezinto ezine eziphambili zeebhetri ze-lithium, izinto ze-electrode ezingalunganga zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni umthamo webhetri kunye nokusebenza komjikelo, kwaye ziphakathi kweendawo eziphakathi kushishino lwebhetri ye-lithium.
3. Izixhobo ze-diaphragm ezijolise kwimarike ikakhulu zii-polyolefin diaphragms, ezenziwe kakhulu nge-polyethylene kunye ne-polypropylene. Kwisakhiwo se-lithium battery separator, i-separator yenye yezona zinto ziphambili zangaphakathi. Ukusebenza kwe-separator kumisela ulwakhiwo lwe-interface kunye nokumelana kwangaphakathi kwebhetri, nto leyo echaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umthamo, umjikelo kunye nokusebenza kokhuseleko kwebhetri. I-separator esebenza kakuhle idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwebhetri iyonke.
4. I-electrolyte ngokubanzi yenziwe ngezinyibilikisi ze-organic ezicocekileyo kakhulu, iityuwa ze-lithium ze-electrolyte, izongezo ezifunekayo kunye nezinye izinto ezikrwada ngomlinganiselo othile phantsi kweemeko ezithile. I-electrolyte idlala indima yokuqhuba ii-ions phakathi kwee-electrodes ezilungileyo nezingalunganga zebhetri ye-lithium, nto leyo eqinisekisa amandla aphezulu ombane kunye namandla athile aphezulu ebhetri ye-lithium ion.
5. Ibhokisi yebhetri: yahlulwe yaba yibhokisi yentsimbi, ibhokisi yealuminium, ibhokisi yentsimbi egqunywe yi-nickel (yeebhetri ezisilinda), ifilimu yealuminium-plastiki (ukupakisha okuthambileyo), njl.njl., kunye nesivalo sebhetri, esikwayi-terminals ezilungileyo nezingalunganga zebhetri.
6. Umgaqo wokusebenza kwebhetri
7. Xa ibhetri itshajiwe, ii-ion ze-lithium ziveliswa kwi-electrode eyomeleleyo yebhetri, kwaye ii-ion ze-lithium ezivelisiweyo zihambela kwi-electrode eyomileyo nge-electrolyte. Ulwakhiwo lwekhabhoni lwe-electrode eyomileyo luneembobo ezininzi, kwaye ii-ion ze-lithium ezifikelela kwi-electrode eyomileyo zifakwe kwii-micropores zomaleko wekhabhoni. Okukhona ii-ion ze-lithium zininzi zifakwa, kokukhona umthamo wokutshaja uya kuba mkhulu. Xa ibhetri ikhutshwa, ii-ion ze-lithium ezifakwe kumaleko wekhabhoni we-electrode eyomileyo ziyaphuma zibuyele kwi-electrode eyomileyo. Okukhona ii-ion ze-lithium zininzi zibuyela kwi-electrode eyomileyo, kokukhona umthamo wokutshaja uphezulu. Ngokubanzi, umthamo wokutshaja ubhekisa kumthamo wokutshaja. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshaja nokukhupha ibhetri ye-lithium, ii-ion ze-lithium zikwimeko yokuhamba ukusuka kwi-electrode eyomileyo ukuya kwi-electrode eyomileyo. Ukuba umfanekiso webhetri ye-lithium uthelekiswa nesitulo esishukumayo, iziphelo ezibini zesitulo esishukumayo zii-electrode eziyomileyo neziyomileyo zebhetri, kwaye ii-ion ze-lithium zifana nabadlali, zibaleka zibuyela umva phakathi kweziphelo ezibini zesitulo esishukumayo. Ke ngoko iibhetri ze-lithium zikwabizwa ngokuba ziibhetri zesitulo esishukumayo.